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A comprehensive study of drugs and their effects on living systems, including the mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, adverse effects, and interactions.
Topical glucocorticoids cannot be absorbed into the systemic circulation.
Montelukast, oral (Singulair) should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meal.
The client with HIV or AIDS is at high risk for the development of:
Pilocarpine
Osmotic medication is used for emergency treatment of glaucoma.
21. Injected in tissue just below skin.
Metabolites is the product of biotransformation.
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) administration route is:
If the client receiving immunosuppressants, flowers, plants, fresh fruit, and raw vegetables should be discouraged.
Clients receiving tocolytics should be positioned on her side.
Antigout medication should be used cautiously in clients with gastrointestinal disease.
If the client decides to discontinue the contraceptive to become pregnant, recommend that the client use an alternative form of birth control for 2 months after discontinuation.
Replaces body fluids or substances.
Instruct the client that cyclophosphamide, when prescribed orally, is:
Buspirone effect takes 3-6 weeks, which is shorter than other anxiolytics.
Which of the following is not included in atropine toxicity.
Positive inotropic and cardiotonic medications are used for:
The nurse should advise the client taking anticholinergic medication that antacid:
Clients with asthma can use mucolytic agents to increase airway resistance.
Nitrates are contraindicated in clients with:
Which immunomodulator agents induce more rapid bone marrow recovery after suppression by chemotherapy?
Mannitol (Osmitrol) is a:
Phenytoin (Dilantin) is used to treat partial and generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
_____________10. Coal tar can stain the skin and hair.
Circadian and sleep cycles can also affect drug therapy.
For clients who are taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) should be administer with a snack or meal.
______________7. Client who use Aminolevulinic acid (Levulan Kerastick) should protect the area from sunlight and bright indoor lights.
Skeletal muscle relaxant is contraindicated in clients with multiple sclerosis and brain attack.
Dexamethasone (Maxidex) should not be used for eye abrasions and wounds.
Eye lubricant add moisture to the eyes.
Opioids analgesics is used for:
Prostaglandin is administered orally to induce labor.
Psychological/physiological need to take a medication.
Cardiac glycosides produce a positive inotropic action, which:
9. Which of the following is not an indication of prostaglandin?
CNS depressants have a calming effect on children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and increase alertness and sensitivity to stimuli.
Alpha adrenergic blocker should be taken with food or milk.
Topical eye anesthetics are used for anesthesia for eye examinations and surgery or to keep foreign bodies from the eye.
PENTAVALENT VACCINE 3.
Offer sips of water before giving sublingual nitrates:
Benzodiazepines should administer at no more than 5 mg/min intravenously to prevent bradycardia.
18. Best route in administering drugs that are poorly absorbed from the GI tract and for agents that are unstable in GI tract.
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is given orally.
Client receiving antineoplastic medication should initiate bleeding precautions if:
Client taking antigout medication should be instructed to avoid foods high in purine.
1 1/2 TO 3 1/2 8.
When using a bronchodilator inhalant in addition to the steroid inhalant, use the steroid at least 5 minutes prior to the bronchodilator.
Administer antiemetics several hours before chemotherapy and for 12 to 48 hours after as prescribed.
Client who are taking medication through sublingual route should be advised to keep the medication under the tongue until it is absorbed.
Client’s positive and negative expectations can increase or decrease response of the drug.
Which of the following is not a rapid acting insulin:
Immunomodulators stimulates the immune system to recognize cancer cells and take action to eliminate or destroy them.
The nurse should administer adrenergic agonist through a large vein.
Theophylline is a glucocorticoid medication.
12. Type of metabolites that does not have pharmacologic action.
Benzodiazepines interact with other CNS medications, producing an additive effect. TRUE
One of the fetal contraindications of tocolytics is the gestational age greater than 37 weeks.
Transdermal patch is applied to a hairless, clean area of skin that is subject to excessive movement or wrinkling.
Early signs of digoxin toxicity present as:
Opioid analgesic
Give the rationale of the following nursing intervention for clients receiving medications for musculoskeletal system. 2 points each.
When receiving positive inotropic and cardiotonic medications, the nurse should monitor for?
Sodium nitroprusside should protect from light.
The dosage of a benzodiazepine should be tapered gradually over:
The effects urinary tract antiseptics can also be use for infections outside the urinary tract.
Transmucosal-buccal nitrates, the client should be instructed to:
In irrigation of the ear, the doctor may prescribe hydrogen peroxide solution.
Prolonged use of antibiotics can increase the client’s risk of superinfections, or secondary infections.
4. It is the metabolic conversion of drug molecules to more water-soluble metabolites or less active form that are more readily excreted.
In administering heparin injection, the nurse should massage the site of injection to hasten drug absorption.
7. Which of the following factors influencing absorption is not included?
The nurse should instruct the client not to use sodium osmotic with older adults or children.
Immunosuppressants used for the following except?
Which of the following is not a short acting insulin:
16. Which of the following is not included in client teaching in medication administration?
An example of calcium channel blockers.
The vaccines should be stored on a center shelf and not on the door.
The side effects of antineoplastic medication results from its effects in cancer cells.
Clients taking anticoagulants should not take aspirin or NSAIDS.
Antihistamine is used for colds and rhinitis.
Which of the following is a sign and symptoms of Parkinsonism:
Parasympatholytic medication is used in children and clients with narrow-angle glaucoma.
Toxicities and overdose by the oral route may be overcome with antidotes, such as activated charcoal.
Fluorouracil (Adrucil) may cause alopecia, stomatitis, diarrhea, phototoxicity reactions, and cerebellar dysfunction.
In nasal medication, the client is advised to blow their noses after the administration of nasal sprays.
Neuromuscular blockers is used with anesthetics during surgery to maintain muscle relaxation.
Cisplatin (Platinol-AQ) may cause:
Antigout medications can increase desired effect by taking aspirin.
3. Tocolytics is used for:
A preparation like an ointment, but thicker and stiff, that penetrates the skin less than an ointment.
The process by which metabolites and drugs are eliminated from the body.
Sodium bicarbonate may cause milk-alkali syndrome.
Typical antipsychotic medication is given in clients exhibiting alogia.
Monitor for petechiae, ecchymosis, bleeding of the gums, and nosebleeds.
Magnesium sulfate
Client taking isoniazid should be instructed to monitor for tingling, numbness, or burning of the extremities because these are signs of hepatotoxicity.
Mexiletine may be administered with food or antacids.
Medication used to treat psoriasis that is contraindicated during pregnancy.
Clients taking loop diuretics should be advised to:
If diarrhea is a problem, avoid hot foods and high-fiber foods.
2. The name under which a drug is listed in one of the official publications.
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) is not given to a client who has a urinary stricture or obstruction.
The following drug is used for moderate and severe dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.
Metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is a handheld nebulizer that can be used by the client to release the medication through a mouthpiece.
9 MONTHS TO 1 YEAR 9.
Nasal decongestant can be use in client with allergic rhinitis and acute coryza.
Cardiac glycosides produce a negative chronotropic action, which:
This site should be avoided when injecting vaccine in intramuscular route:
Acetaminophen
In using sunscreens, products containing PABA need to be avoided by individuals allergic to benzocaine, sulfonamides, or thiazides.
14. The drug specific target usually a protein located on the surface of a cell membrane or within
8. Most drug metabolites are eliminated in the:
Give the rationale of the following nursing intervention for clients receiving medications for cardiovascular system. 2 points each.
Leukotriene increases bronchoconstriction caused by antigen and reduce airway edema.
Bile acid sequestrants should use cautiously in clients with suspected bowel obstruction or severe constipation.
Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene, Thermazene, SSD Cream) systemic effects include leukopenia and interstitial nephritis.
22. An aerosol generator that converts liquid drug solutions or suspensions into aerosol and is powered by compressed air, oxygen, a compressor, or an electrically powered device.
Sympathomimetic medication is used to treat hypertension, heart failure and cardiac arrest.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is used to decrease pain and fever.
Client receiving magnesium sulfate intravenously, the nurse should call the health care provider if respirations are less than 12 breaths/min.
Aluminum hydroxide is used to treat hypophosphatemia.
When a medication is intended for the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs, it is inhaled through the nose.
Monitor kidney and liver function studies.
______________6. In using sunscreens, products containing PABA need to be used by individuals allergic to benzocaine, sulfonamides, or thiazides.
Toxicity of alpha-adrenergic blockers is treated with:
______________1. Growth retardation is one of the systemic adverse effects of topical glucocorticoids.
In inserting rectal suppositories, the nurse should assist the client to a left lateral or left Sims’ position, with the upper leg flexed.
Which of the following symptoms of anaphylactic reaction due to antineoplastic medications.
Opioid antagonist used to treat respiratory depression from opioid overdose.
______________2. Acneiform eruptions is included also in systemic adverse effects of topical glucocorticoids.
Hepatitis A vaccine (HepA) administration route is:
Mineralocorticoids are used for primary and secondary adrenal sufficiency in Addison’s disease.
4. Specialist who often guides the primary care provider in prescribing drugs.
Nursing intervention necessary for client receiving silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene, Thermazene,
Antineoplastic medication causes the slow destruction of cells, resulting in the release of uric acid.
A licensed health professional who prepares, dispenses and advises on medicinal drugs.
The antidote for hypertensive crisis in client taking MAOIs, is:
Instruct the client taking amiodarone to use sunscreen and protective clothing.
Famotidine (Pepcid) and nizatidine (Axid) can be administered with food.
Supports body function until other treatments or the body’s response can take over.
Inform the client using eye gel to store the gel at room temperature or in the refrigerator.
11. Type of metabolites that has a pharmacologic action.
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine)
Thyroid hormones control the metabolic rate of tissues and decreases heat production and oxygen consumption of the body.
Adrenergic agonist is for:
Which of the following is not a withdrawal symptom of benzodiazepine:
______________8. Diclofenac sodium (Solaraze) is used in conjunction with blue light photoactivation in treating actinic keratosis.
Adrenergic agonist is contraindicated in clients with:
Antitumor antibiotic medication, dysrhythmias can occur with:
PENTAVALENT VACCINE 4.
3. This name describes the constituents of the drug precisely.
If gold toxicity occurs, the doctor may prescribe dimercaprol (BAL in oil) to prevent gold excretion.
An example of alpha adrenergic blockers.
Rectal route is considered topical application.
Cardiac glycosides
Clients receiving translingual nitrates (spray), the client should be instructed to:
Vaccines administered intramuscularly in infants are best given in:
Sulfonamides is contraindicated in children younger than 2 years.
MMR vaccine protects against measles, mumps, and rubella.
Lithium has teratogenic effect during 3rd trimester.
Tocolytics produce uterine relaxation and suppress uterine activity.
Dopamine decreases the myocardial contractility thus, improving cardiac performance.
Which of the following is benzodiazepine antagonist:
Furosemide (Lasix) is a:
Administer analgesic as prescribed to client’s receiving ergot alkaloids.
In client taking oral contraceptives, advise the client to use an alternate method of birth control when taking antibiotics.
A gelatinous container to hold a drug in powder, liquid, or oil form.
A medication mixed with alcohol, oil, or soapy emollient and applied to the skin.
Enoxaparin
Which of the following is a sign and symptoms of tardive dyskinesia:
BIRTH 1.
Antitumor antibiotic medication, pulmonary toxicity can occur with:
The best route in allergy testing and tuberculosis screening is intradermal route.
Due to immaturity of liver and kidney function in older client, it may lead to accumulation of the drug in the body.
Physician orders 1500 mg of liquid ibuprofen for a patient. Quantity of Ibuprofen is 500 mg in 1 cc, how much will you administer?
Obtain a drug history before the administration of an opioid analgesic.
Atypical new generation medication decreases effects of dopamine serotonin and/or norepinephrine at neural membranes.
Varicella vaccine administration route is:
______________5. Sunscreen should be reapplied every 30 minutes for increase protection.
Children receiving the Varicella vaccine should avoid aspirin or aspirin-containing products.
5. A scientist that researches new drugs.
Instruct the client taking a corticosteroid not to stop the medication abruptly.
Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a:
A flat, round, or oval preparation that dissolves and releases a drug when held in the mouth.
Hepatotoxic medications are avoided with the use of androgens.
17. Tablet held between cheek and gum until dissolved.
Dilates the pupils of the eye.
13. The time after administration when the body initially responds to the drug.
Bethanechol chloride is give only by:
Which of the following is not a positive symptom of schizophrenia:
The client receiving a laxative need to increase fluid intake.
Severe side effect or toxicity.
6. The rate and extent to which an administered drug reaches the systemic circulation.
Leukotriene modifiers should be used with caution in clients with impaired hepatic function.
Tamoxifen citrate may cause impotence and gynecomastia in men.
Anticoagulant is contraindication in clients with myocardial infarction and deep vein thrombosis.
When doing subcutaneous injection, the nurse should use z-track technique to avoid injecting the blood vessels.
II. Enumeration Give at least five rights in medication administration.
Edrophonium (Tensilon)
Nursing intervention necessary for client receiving mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) include:
5. The time interval required for the body’s elimination processes to reduce the concentration of the drug in the body by one-half.
The physician orders 500 mg of ibuprofen for a patient and you have 250 mg on hand. How many tablets should be given? ( 5PTS)
Instruct the client taking fluoxetine (Prozac) or bupropion (Wellbutrin) to take the medication early in the day.
TRUE OR FALSE
Client taking anticholinergic has drug interaction in the following except:
Which of the following is not correct in magnesium sulfate?
20. Solution injected into intravascular compartment via a vein.
Meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) and hydromorphone hydrochloride (Dilaudid) should not administered in early labor.
Monitor for neurotoxicity with vincristine sulfate manifested as:
10. Placement of drug under the tongue.
In client taking glucocorticoids, the nurse should use this medication with extreme caution in clients with infections.
A concentrated form of a drug made from vegetables or animals.
Cholinergic drug include Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine).
An example of beta adrenergic blockers.
1 1/2 TO 3/12 MONTH 6.
Which of the following prevents conversion of HIV RNA into HIV DNA?
Magnesium sulfate is used with caution in clients with:
When applying eye drops, the nurse should instruct the client to apply pressure over the inner canthus next to the nose for 30 to 60 seconds following administration of the medication.
Inappropriate intake of a medication.
1. Assigned by the United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council and is used throughout the drug’s lifetime.
Give the rationale of the following nursing intervention for clients receiving medications for urinary system. 2 points each.
High doses of oxytocin may cause hypotension, with:
Which of the following is not a typical cholinergic effect:
Glucocorticoids should be used with caution in clients with diabetes mellitus.
Cures a disease or condition.
25. Which of the following is nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic:
Mydriatics are should not be given in clients with glaucoma.
Which of the following blood levels that needs to be monitored if the client is receiving Warfarin sodium (Coumadin):
Magnesium sulfate is used for:
Give the antidote of the following medications. 2 points each.
7. If magnesium sulfate is used for preeclampsia, it may be prescribed:
Methenamine is recommended for acute urinary tract infection.
Instruct clients with diabetes mellitus using β-adrenergic blockers as an eye medication to monitor blood glucose levels frequently.
Busulfan (Myleran, Busulfex) may cause:
Enteric coated medication can be crush and mix with food if the client has difficulty swallowing.
Digoxin (Lanoxicaps, Lanoxin) is contraindicated in clients with:
NSAIDs medication is included in antigout medication.
Topical applications includes dermatologic preparations, installations and irrigations.
Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in clients with renal impairment.
Common complaint of clients taking an ACE inhibitor.
Which of the following damages HIV’s DNA interfering with ability control host DNA?
In administering eye medication, instruct the client to read the medication labels carefully.
MMR vaccine administration route is:
Client receiving Nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat, Nifedical) should avoid use or use cautiously with magnesium sulfate, to prevent which of the following?
Oder people who are taking sedatives require higher dosage due to decrease absorption of the drugs.
BIRTH 2.
Bronchodilators are indicated in clients with emphysema and other restrictive airway disease.
Vaccines administered intramuscularly for children 36 months and older are best given in:
Requiring increase dose to achieve therapeutic effect.
Take anticonvulsants with food or milk but avoid alcohol.
When administering levodopa, instruct the client to avoid excessive vitamin B12 intake.
For clients taking MAOI, avoid administering the medication in the evening.
Glucocorticoids is intended for acute respiratory attacks.
Give the rationale of the following nursing intervention for clients receiving medications for respiratory system. 2 points each.
The nurse should administer which medication in clients who developed anaphylactic reaction due to antineoplastic medications?
Thrombolytic medication is contraindicated in clients with active internal bleeding.
Client taking prednisone should monitor glucose and serum potassium levels because it can cause hyperglycemia and hypokalemia.
Streptokinase
Which of the following is a sign and symptoms of Akathisia:
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics should be used with caution in client:
When a drug is absorbed from the GI tract, it enters the portal circulation before entering the systemic circulation.
May be carried out indefinitely until an order is written to cancel it.
During the administration of positive inotropic and cardiotonic medications, the nurse should:
Tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine (Anafranil) may be used to treat obsessive- compulsive disorder.
______________4. Keratolytics suppresses DNA synthesis, miotic activity, and cell proliferation.
______________3. Organic (chemical) sunscreens absorb UV light.
Unexpected or unique response.
Dr. B. orders a liter of D5W to run this 8-hour shift. The drop factor is 15. What is the drip rate per minute?
Prostaglandin is used for:
Benzodiazepines are contraindicated in clients with anxiety.
Which of the following is not used to decrease extrapyramidal side effects:
Which of the following blood levels that needs to be monitored if the client is receiving Heparin sodium:
Which of the following is not included in estrogen hormonal medications?
PENTAVALENT VACCINE 5.
Antitussives should not be administered to the client with a head injury or a postoperative cranial surgery client.
The onset of drug action in transdermal route is slower than oral route.
Anticholinergic medication is also known as cholinergic-blocking agents.
Instruct the client about the need for contraception.
Neuromuscular blockers
An acne product where it decreases androgen activity resulting in decrease production of sebum.
Clients taking bronchodilators, instruct the client to administer oral medication:
Antacids is used in clients with peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease.
3 1/2 MONTH 7.
Also known as one-time order is for medication to be given once at a specified time.
Penicillins and cephalosporins should be given separately with aminoglycosides.
15. The pharmacologic effects when the drug produces the same type of response as the physiological or endogenous substance.
1. Order: Client is receiving Erythromycin 750 mg, the stock on hand is 250 mg in 5 mL. How many ML should be given. (5 POINTS)
Mydriatics are contraindicated in clients with glaucoma because of the risk of decreased intraocular pressure.
An aqueous solution of sugar often used to disguise unpleasant-tasting drugs.
Diazepam (Valium) acts on the CNS to suppress spasticity and affect skeletal muscle directly.
Instruct the client taking anxiolytic medication to avoid alcohol and sedatives because:
Abrupt withdrawal of adrenergic blockers may lead to:
Placement under the tongue allows a drug to diffuse into the capillary network and to enter the systemic circulations indirectly.
An antineoplastic medication that affect cells only during a certain phase of the reproductive cycle.
Immunosuppressants suppresses the immune response and alter antibody formations.
Antithyroid medication is used for hyperthyroidism or Grave’s disease.
Which of the following is a sign and symptoms of dystonia:
Aspirin should be discontinued 3 to 7 days before surgery.
Vastus lateralis muscle is the recommended site of intramuscular injection in young adult.
______________9. High-dose of anthralin (Dritho-Scalp, Psoriatec) may cause hypercalcemia.
Before administering a bolus, the nurse should look up the maximum concentration recommended for the particular drug.
RhoGAM should be administered within 72 hours before potential or actual exposure to Rh-positive blood.
Client receiving antineoplastic medication should avoid aspirin-containing products.
Magnesium sulfate is contraindicated in clients with myocardial damage.
Tincture of opium can be diluted with 15 to 30 mL of water for administration.
Hypersensitive, life-threatening reaction.
Ergot alkaloids is contraindicated in clients with the following except:
9. It is a maintained concentration of a drug in the plasma during a series of scheduled doses.
The main side effect of thrombolytic medication is formation of thrombus.
Glucocorticoids are administered with caution in clients who have inflammatory respiratory conditions.
Sustained-released nitrates, the client should be instructed to:
Client taking alpha adrenergic blocker should be instructed to change positions slowly.
Medication used to treat psoriasis that is contraindicated in clients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Promote a fluid intake of at least 2000 mL/ day.
Varicella vaccine protects against:
Instruct the client taking lithium (Lithobid) to maintain a fluid intake of six to eight glasses of water a day and an adequate salt intake.
The therapeutic drug serum level of lithium is:
For clients receiving tricyclic medications should be instructed to avoid alcohol and nonprescription medications.
19. Which of the following is an indication of anticholinergic medication.
An antineoplastic medication that affect cells in any phase of the reproductive cycle.
Parasiticidal prevents worm growth and reproduction (for pinworms).
The nurse should advise the client taking cholinergic medication to take the medication as prescribe.
Cimetidine (Tagamet) passes the blood-brain barrier.
Phenytoin decreases the effectiveness of some birth control pills and can have teratogenic effects if taken during pregnancy.
Leukotriene modifiers are contraindicated in breast feeding mothers.
Clients receiving antiemetic should protect from injury.
Returns the body to health.
Skeletal muscle relaxant is indicated for clients with cerebral palsy.
Cardiac glycoside is used in clients with cardiogenic shock.
Which immunomodulator slows tumor cell division?
When administering phenytoin intravenously, infuse no faster than 25 to 50 mg/min; otherwise, hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias could occur.
Antidiuretic hormones enhances reabsorption of water in the kidneys.
Monitor liver function tests when a client is taking a skeletal muscle relaxant because neurotoxicity can occur.
19. These routes have the highest bioavailability and not subject to first-pass metabolism or harsh GI environment.
The client receiving antineoplastic medication is instructed to use a soft toothbrush and electric razor to:
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