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Uses switches to understand the operation of doors and digital logical circuits and contribute to the development of better theoretical knowledge.
It is a finite state machine whose output depends on both current state and current inputs of the machine.
TRUE OR FALSE: When both S¯ and R¯ in the circuit below are asserted, the circuit drives both outputs to 0.
Reduce the Boolean expression, A'B(D'+C'D)+B(A+A'CD), to one literal.
An elevator can be at one of two floors: GROUND (0), or FIRST (1). There is one button that controls the elevator and it has two values: UP (1) or DOWN (0). There are also two lights in the elevator that indicate the floor: RED for Ground, and GREEN for First (Light OFF = 0; Light ON = 1). At each clock cycle, the controller checks the current floor and current input, changes floors and lights in the obvious way. Which of the following is the corresponding FSM diagram of this system?
Which circuit doesn’t have a memory unit?
FFFFF Alyssa's snail (see Module 11) has a daughter with a Machine FSM brain. The daughter snail smiles whenever she slides over the pattern 1101 or the pattern 1110. What is the minimum number of states for this happy snail?
Convert the decimal number 65 to hexadecimal
This operator is typically represented by the absence of an operator.
F(a,b,c,d)=Π(1,3,5,7,13,15)
It is a sum term involving all inputs of the function.
Convert 10011000 from base 2 to base 10
This is a term in a Boolean expression that is redundant and can be eliminated so that a simpler expression can be obtained.
What is the objective of abstraction?
Convert the Boolean function described by F(x,y)=∑(1,2,3)
In choosing an FSM design style, the timing of the output response does not need to be considered.
Which of the following logic gates are used to build a half adder ?
1101
The simplified form of the Boolean expression, ABC+A′B+ABC
In some finite state machine diagrams (particularly Deterministic Finite Machine), there are states called accepting states, which are states that either accept or reject the previous input sequence. They either output TRUE or FALSE. Accepting states are represented in diagrams by a circle inside another circle. The finite state machine below generates a string of letters: Which of the following cannot be valid strings generated by the FSM?
You are designing an elevator controller for a building with 25 floors. The controller has two inputs, UP and DOWN. It produces an output indicating the floor that the elevator is on. There is no Floor 13. What is the minimum number of bits of state in the controller?
Convert the binary number 11011011 to a decimal number
An element with two stable states is called a __ element.
TRUE OR FALSE: A D flip-flop copies D to Q on the rising edge of the clock and remembers its state at all other times.
Convert the hexadecimal number C3 to binary:
Obtain the simplified Boolean expression for the output F
Which of the following is a self-complementing binary code?
It is a Boolean term composed of one or more literals joined by the AND operation.
What kind of state machine is in the illustration below?
Which of the following best represents the sum of minterms form of the function f=bd′+acd′+ab′c+a′c′?
It states that every algebraic expression that we can logically construct from the postulates of Boolean algebra are valid even when the operators and identity elements interchange.
if A = 1, B = 1, C = 0, D = B
The following are steps involved in designing combinational circuits, except one:
Convert the hexadecimal number AB to decimal:
This type of encoding represents each state as a binary number.
TRUE OR FALSE: When adding positive numbers in two's complement system, there is no signed overflow when neither a carry into nor a carry out of the sign bit occurs.
Convert the Boolean function described by F(x,y)=∑(1,2,3) to the other canonical form.
What is the standard form of S-R flip flop?
Convert 111010010 from base 2 to base 8
It is a set of state variables that contain all the information about the past necessary to explain the future behavior of a circuit.
TRUE OR FALSE: Finite state machines provide a systematic way to design combinational circuits, given a functional specification.
if A=0, B=1, C=0 and D=A
What is the complement of xy′+x′y
Convert 1011 from base 2 to base 8
The 8-bit sum of the signed numbers (-23) and (+11) in two’s complement form is _________.
It deals with variables that take on two discrete values, and operations that assume logical meaning.
We use _______________ to find the decimal equivalent of a particular value expressed in a different number system.
What is the equivalent of 3456
Find the four-bit sum of 1011+0101
The ______ of a number system gives the number of symbols used in a system; it is always expressed in decimal numbers and is indicated by a subscript.
It is a product term involving all inputs of the function.
Below are schematic diagrams of four circuits.
The clear input is used to make output ______
The output of (x+y′)′+(xz)
if A=1, B=0, C=0, D=1. Refer to the figure below.
Which of the following is the simplified Sum of Products equivalent of the Boolean function F(w,x,y,z)=Π(1,3,5,7,13,15)
It is a bank of flip-flops that share a common clock input.
It is a finite state machine whose output depends only on the current state of the machine.
Refer to the circuit diagram below. Assume that initially Q=1 and Q′=0, and CLK=0. What would be the value of Q and Q′ if we set CLK=1 and D=1?
Convert the decimal number 54 to binary:
How would a negative edge-triggered (D) flip-flop behave? Select all that apply.
This latch is one of the simplest circuits--composed of cross-coupled NOR gates--whose state can be controlled through its set and reset inputs.
In K-map, which of the following order sequence is correct for the input values representation?
Convert 47 from base 16 to base 10
TRUE OR FALSE: When adding negative numbers in two's complement system, signed overflow occurs when there is a carry into and a carry out of the sign bit.
Convert the binary number 10101100 to its decimal equivalent
Convert the decimal number 123 to binary equivalent
Why would you build a BCD-to-binary converter circuit?
Find the sum of 11001+(-11110).
We combine adjacent squares of the K-map that contain zeros to obtain which simplified form of Boolean function?
Add binary numbers shown?
It is part of mathematics that deals with operations involving logical elements, variables and operators, axioms and postulates.
It is a table or diagram made up of squares which provides a simple way to minimize Boolean functions.
The following are equivalent functions of F(A,B,C,D)=Σ(0,6,8,13,14) with don't-care conditions d(A,B,C,D)=Σ(2,4,10), except one.
It is a logic circuit composed of logic gates and storage elements. Its output is a function of the inputs and the state of the storage elements.
TRUE OR FALSE: Race condition only happens with asynchronous circuits, never with synchronous circuits or combinational circuits.
What is the equivalent one-cold encoding of a finite state machine with four states?
It is a digital circuit that produces the arithmetic sum of
What is the equivalent of 10110.01012 in hexadecimal number system?
Convert the binary number 10011 to hexadecimal
How many Boolean functions can we construct with two input variables involved?
You are designing an FSM to keep track of the mood of four students working in the digital design lab. Each student's mood is either HAPPY, SAD, BUSY, CLUELESS, or ASLEEP. What is the minimum number of bits necessary to represent the FSM's states?
TRUE OR FALSE: A one-cold encoding is an encoding in which K states are represented with K bits, one of which is FALSE.
What is the answer to 1010 + 0101?
When S=0, R=0, CLK=X then the output will be ___________
If a logic gate includes 4 inputs then how many possible combinations can be performed?
_________ are the applications of flip flop
In combinational circuits, output depends on
What is the expression in this diagram?
Find the two’s complement of the binary number 11011010
Which truth table is this? XOR Gate & XNOR Gate: Truth Table, Symbol & Boolean Expression | Electrical4U
if A=1, B=0, C=1, and D=0. Refer to the figure below:
Which of the following logic gate is used to test odd parity?
It is a combinational circuit that performs addition of two bits.
This occurs only when adding numbers in two's complement system that have the same sign, and whose result appears to be in the opposite sign.
These are electronic circuits that operate on one or more input signals to produce an output signal.
It is a product term obtained by combining the maximum possible number of adjacent squares.
Which truth table is this? Exclusive-NOR Gate
TRUE OR FALSE: Next state equations can be simplified by Karnaugh maps.
The logic gate for which output is equal to 1 only when both the inputs are 1
_Select the Two's Complement for -77
TRUE OR FALSE: In relation to FSMs, a state is a description of the status of a system that is waiting to execute a transition.
Finding the complements of numbers simplifies which operation in digital systems?
What is the expression of this diagram?
When the set is enabled in S-R flip flop then the output will be
Binary logic consists of binary variables and a set of ____________________.
When the set is disabled and reset is enabled in S-R flip flop then the output will be __________
In a four-variable K-Map, how many adjacent squares will produce a product term with 2 literals?
You are designing an FSM to keep track of the mood of four students working in the digital design lab. Each student's mood is either HAPPY, SAD, BUSY, CLUELESS, or ASLEEP. You have factored the FSM into four multiple simple machines, one for each student. How many states does each simpler machine have?
The simplified form of the Boolean expression, x(x′+y)
TRUE OR FALSE: In the state transition diagrams of Moore machines, outputs are labeled in the circles.
These are combinational circuits that perform the addition of three bits.
Find the two’s complement of the binary number 10001110
It is a sequential circuit whose element is either a register or a combined circuit and has a clock input that is received by all registers in the circuit.
A flip flop is an __________
Which truth table is this?
Which Boolean function best describes the logic diagram below?
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 - 1 0 0 1 1
Juan T. Masipag's company would like to design an FSM that takes two inputs, A and B, and generates one output, Z. The output in clock cycle n, denoted by Zn is either the Boolean AND or OR of the corresponding input An and the previous input An−1, depending on the other input Bn:
When an inverter is connected to the AND gate’s output then what logic function can be generated?
Which of the following is the best example of a combinational logic circuit?
The output of the sequential circuit depends upon _________
Which of the following gate is one of the universal gates?
What is the equivalent one-hot encoding of a finite state machine with four states?
This latch has two inputs: a data input that controls what the next state should be, and a clock input which controls when the state should change.
It is a third state which hovers between high and low states.
He is an English mathematician after whom Boolean algebra was named.
The code in which each decimal digit is replaced by a combination of four binary digits is
This type of encoding uses a separate bit for each state; only one bit is true at any time.
In which flip flop the present input will be the next output?
Convert the hexadecimal number 230 to its binary equivalent
Why is it no longer necessary to include Reset in the state transition table?
TRUE OR FALSE: A latch is said to be opaque when it allows the data to flow through to the output.
The state transition diagram of a state machine is given below.
_Select the Twos Compliment for -5
It is a graphical representation of the possible states of the system and the transitions between these states.
Convert 4021.25
TRUE OR FALSE: The number of adjacent squares that can be combined in a K-map must be a multiple of 2.
It is a logic circuit consisting of gates whose outputs at any time are a function of the combination of inputs.
In the state transition diagram below, the arc labeled Reset indicates that the system is going to:
Convert the binary number 1101 to decimal
F(w,x,y,z)=Σ(2,4,7,10,12)
You are designing an FSM to keep track of the mood of four students working in the digital design lab. Each student's mood is either HAPPY, SAD, BUSY, CLUELESS, or ASLEEP. You have factored the FSM into four multiple simple machines, one for each student. What is the minimum total number of bits necessary in this factored design?
Convert 101111 from base 2 to base 16
Which is true about the cross-coupled NOR gates below?
It is a system that manipulates discrete elements of information represented internally in binary form.
Obtain the simplified Boolean expression for the output G in terms of the input variables in the circuit shown below. Give the expression only (no need to include G=), and do not put spaces between the variables and operators.
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