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Uses switches to understand the operation of doors and digital logical circuits and contribute to the development of better theoretical knowledge.
Refer to the circuit diagram below. Assume that initially Q=1 and Q′=0, and CLK=0. What would be the value of Q and Q′ if we set CLK=1 and D=1?
An elevator can be at one of two floors: GROUND (0), or FIRST (1). There is one button that controls the elevator and it has two values: UP (1) or DOWN (0). There are also two lights in the elevator that indicate the floor: RED for Ground, and GREEN for First (Light OFF = 0; Light ON = 1). At each clock cycle, the controller checks the current floor and current input, changes floors and lights in the obvious way. Which of the following is the corresponding FSM diagram of this system?
Which is true about the cross-coupled NOR gates below?
In choosing an FSM design style, the timing of the output response does not need to be considered.
How would a negative edge-triggered (D) flip-flop behave? Select all that apply.
Obtain the simplified Boolean expression for the output F
_Select the Twos Compliment for -5
_Select the Two's Complement for -77
In which flip flop the present input will be the next output?
It is a finite state machine whose output depends on both current state and current inputs of the machine.
Which of the following gate is one of the universal gates?
Convert 1011 from base 2 to base 8
This occurs only when adding numbers in two's complement system that have the same sign, and whose result appears to be in the opposite sign.
It is a digital circuit that produces the arithmetic sum of
When S=0, R=0, CLK=X then the output will be ___________
Convert the hexadecimal number C3 to binary:
TRUE OR FALSE: When adding positive numbers in two's complement system, there is no signed overflow when neither a carry into nor a carry out of the sign bit occurs.
Find the four-bit sum of 1011+0101
TRUE OR FALSE: A latch is said to be opaque when it allows the data to flow through to the output.
He is an English mathematician after whom Boolean algebra was named.
The output of (x+y′)′+(xz)
1101
What is the equivalent one-cold encoding of a finite state machine with four states?
Below are schematic diagrams of four circuits.
Find the sum of 11001+(-11110).
if A=1, B=0, C=0, D=1. Refer to the figure below.
It is a finite state machine whose output depends only on the current state of the machine.
In a four-variable K-Map, how many adjacent squares will produce a product term with 2 literals?
Which of the following logic gate is used to test odd parity?
Convert the decimal number 123 to binary equivalent
It is a system that manipulates discrete elements of information represented internally in binary form.
How many Boolean functions can we construct with two input variables involved?
Convert 47 from base 16 to base 10
Find the two’s complement of the binary number 10001110
Binary logic consists of binary variables and a set of ____________________.
The following are steps involved in designing combinational circuits, except one:
FFFFF Alyssa's snail (see Module 11) has a daughter with a Machine FSM brain. The daughter snail smiles whenever she slides over the pattern 1101 or the pattern 1110. What is the minimum number of states for this happy snail?
The output of the sequential circuit depends upon _________
It is a product term obtained by combining the maximum possible number of adjacent squares.
What is the complement of xy′+x′y
Convert the binary number 1101 to decimal
This latch has two inputs: a data input that controls what the next state should be, and a clock input which controls when the state should change.
It is a graphical representation of the possible states of the system and the transitions between these states.
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 - 1 0 0 1 1
The state transition diagram of a state machine is given below.
These are combinational circuits that perform the addition of three bits.
You are designing an FSM to keep track of the mood of four students working in the digital design lab. Each student's mood is either HAPPY, SAD, BUSY, CLUELESS, or ASLEEP. What is the minimum number of bits necessary to represent the FSM's states?
In some finite state machine diagrams (particularly Deterministic Finite Machine), there are states called accepting states, which are states that either accept or reject the previous input sequence. They either output TRUE or FALSE. Accepting states are represented in diagrams by a circle inside another circle. The finite state machine below generates a string of letters: Which of the following cannot be valid strings generated by the FSM?
TRUE OR FALSE: In the state transition diagrams of Moore machines, outputs are labeled in the circles.
It is part of mathematics that deals with operations involving logical elements, variables and operators, axioms and postulates.
Which of the following is the simplified Sum of Products equivalent of the Boolean function F(w,x,y,z)=Π(1,3,5,7,13,15)
What is the equivalent of 10110.01012 in hexadecimal number system?
Which Boolean function best describes the logic diagram below?
Convert the binary number 10101100 to its decimal equivalent
Add binary numbers shown?
We combine adjacent squares of the K-map that contain zeros to obtain which simplified form of Boolean function?
Convert 4021.25
In K-map, which of the following order sequence is correct for the input values representation?
It states that every algebraic expression that we can logically construct from the postulates of Boolean algebra are valid even when the operators and identity elements interchange.
Find the two’s complement of the binary number 11011010
What is the expression in this diagram?
Convert the decimal number 65 to hexadecimal
The code in which each decimal digit is replaced by a combination of four binary digits is
TRUE OR FALSE: Race condition only happens with asynchronous circuits, never with synchronous circuits or combinational circuits.
These are electronic circuits that operate on one or more input signals to produce an output signal.
In combinational circuits, output depends on
Finding the complements of numbers simplifies which operation in digital systems?
When the set is enabled in S-R flip flop then the output will be
The following are equivalent functions of F(A,B,C,D)=Σ(0,6,8,13,14) with don't-care conditions d(A,B,C,D)=Σ(2,4,10), except one.
if A = 1, B = 1, C = 0, D = B
TRUE OR FALSE: In relation to FSMs, a state is a description of the status of a system that is waiting to execute a transition.
Obtain the simplified Boolean expression for the output G in terms of the input variables in the circuit shown below. Give the expression only (no need to include G=), and do not put spaces between the variables and operators.
This operator is typically represented by the absence of an operator.
The ______ of a number system gives the number of symbols used in a system; it is always expressed in decimal numbers and is indicated by a subscript.
Which of the following is a self-complementing binary code?
You are designing an FSM to keep track of the mood of four students working in the digital design lab. Each student's mood is either HAPPY, SAD, BUSY, CLUELESS, or ASLEEP. You have factored the FSM into four multiple simple machines, one for each student. What is the minimum total number of bits necessary in this factored design?
Convert the hexadecimal number AB to decimal:
The clear input is used to make output ______
What kind of state machine is in the illustration below?
The simplified form of the Boolean expression, ABC+A′B+ABC
TRUE OR FALSE: Finite state machines provide a systematic way to design combinational circuits, given a functional specification.
Convert the binary number 11011011 to a decimal number
It is a logic circuit consisting of gates whose outputs at any time are a function of the combination of inputs.
Convert the Boolean function described by F(x,y)=∑(1,2,3)
TRUE OR FALSE: A D flip-flop copies D to Q on the rising edge of the clock and remembers its state at all other times.
It is a third state which hovers between high and low states.
Convert the decimal number 54 to binary:
This type of encoding uses a separate bit for each state; only one bit is true at any time.
Which truth table is this? XOR Gate & XNOR Gate: Truth Table, Symbol & Boolean Expression | Electrical4U
Which truth table is this? Exclusive-NOR Gate
_________ are the applications of flip flop
if A=1, B=0, C=1, and D=0. Refer to the figure below:
A flip flop is an __________
Which circuit doesn’t have a memory unit?
When an inverter is connected to the AND gate’s output then what logic function can be generated?
You are designing an elevator controller for a building with 25 floors. The controller has two inputs, UP and DOWN. It produces an output indicating the floor that the elevator is on. There is no Floor 13. What is the minimum number of bits of state in the controller?
This is a term in a Boolean expression that is redundant and can be eliminated so that a simpler expression can be obtained.
It is a combinational circuit that performs addition of two bits.
Which of the following is the best example of a combinational logic circuit?
What is the equivalent one-hot encoding of a finite state machine with four states?
Convert 111010010 from base 2 to base 8
TRUE OR FALSE: When both S¯ and R¯ in the circuit below are asserted, the circuit drives both outputs to 0.
Convert 101111 from base 2 to base 16
if A=0, B=1, C=0 and D=A
TRUE OR FALSE: When adding negative numbers in two's complement system, signed overflow occurs when there is a carry into and a carry out of the sign bit.
Convert the binary number 10011 to hexadecimal
Reduce the Boolean expression, A'B(D'+C'D)+B(A+A'CD), to one literal.
It deals with variables that take on two discrete values, and operations that assume logical meaning.
What is the equivalent of 3456
Why is it no longer necessary to include Reset in the state transition table?
F(a,b,c,d)=Π(1,3,5,7,13,15)
Which truth table is this?
This latch is one of the simplest circuits--composed of cross-coupled NOR gates--whose state can be controlled through its set and reset inputs.
In the state transition diagram below, the arc labeled Reset indicates that the system is going to:
Which of the following best represents the sum of minterms form of the function f=bd′+acd′+ab′c+a′c′?
F(w,x,y,z)=Σ(2,4,7,10,12)
It is a product term involving all inputs of the function.
Convert the hexadecimal number 230 to its binary equivalent
Convert the Boolean function described by F(x,y)=∑(1,2,3) to the other canonical form.
TRUE OR FALSE: The number of adjacent squares that can be combined in a K-map must be a multiple of 2.
It is a Boolean term composed of one or more literals joined by the AND operation.
This type of encoding represents each state as a binary number.
If a logic gate includes 4 inputs then how many possible combinations can be performed?
You are designing an FSM to keep track of the mood of four students working in the digital design lab. Each student's mood is either HAPPY, SAD, BUSY, CLUELESS, or ASLEEP. You have factored the FSM into four multiple simple machines, one for each student. How many states does each simpler machine have?
TRUE OR FALSE: A one-cold encoding is an encoding in which K states are represented with K bits, one of which is FALSE.
The logic gate for which output is equal to 1 only when both the inputs are 1
The 8-bit sum of the signed numbers (-23) and (+11) in two’s complement form is _________.
Which of the following logic gates are used to build a half adder ?
It is a sum term involving all inputs of the function.
Juan T. Masipag's company would like to design an FSM that takes two inputs, A and B, and generates one output, Z. The output in clock cycle n, denoted by Zn is either the Boolean AND or OR of the corresponding input An and the previous input An−1, depending on the other input Bn:
What is the answer to 1010 + 0101?
The simplified form of the Boolean expression, x(x′+y)
What is the expression of this diagram?
It is a bank of flip-flops that share a common clock input.
What is the objective of abstraction?
TRUE OR FALSE: Next state equations can be simplified by Karnaugh maps.
We use _______________ to find the decimal equivalent of a particular value expressed in a different number system.
An element with two stable states is called a __ element.
What is the standard form of S-R flip flop?
When the set is disabled and reset is enabled in S-R flip flop then the output will be __________
It is a table or diagram made up of squares which provides a simple way to minimize Boolean functions.
It is a logic circuit composed of logic gates and storage elements. Its output is a function of the inputs and the state of the storage elements.
It is a set of state variables that contain all the information about the past necessary to explain the future behavior of a circuit.
It is a sequential circuit whose element is either a register or a combined circuit and has a clock input that is received by all registers in the circuit.
Why would you build a BCD-to-binary converter circuit?
Convert 10011000 from base 2 to base 10
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