Respiratory Care Science

The nurse comes into the patient's room and discovers that the patient's pulse oximetry reading is 91%. The nurse should first:

• Notify the Rapid Response Team
• Assess the patient's respiratory status
• Apply supplemental oxygen
• Place patient in high-Fowler's position

NUMBER 1:

• lungs
• pharynx
• mouth
• alveoli

Is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus

• Emphysema
• Pneumonia
• Influenza
• Tuberculosis

What blood vessels are shown here?

• Pulmonary veins
• Pulmonary arteries
• Aorta
• Descending aorta

An inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchi. May present with cough, fever, chest or back pain, and fatigue.

• Pneumonia
• Lung cancer
• Bronchitis
• Emphysema

NUMBER 6:

• Lungs
• Trachea
• Mouth
• Alveoli

Larynx is also known as ___________________

• Voice Box

As the nurse auscultates the patient, she hears a popping, discontinuous sound over the lung fields. This type of adventitious sound is known as:

• Wheezes
• Crackles
• Resonance
• Pleural friction rub

The respiratory system is a part of the

• autonomic nervous system

Common cold is caused by a bacterial infection.

• TRUE
• FALSE

Also known as the windpipe

• larynx
• pharynx
• trachea
• esohpagus

The arrow below is pointing to the:

• Trachea
• Pharynx
• Diaphgram

While the nurse interviews a patient, he verbalizes that he has difficulty breathing during sleep and uses three pillows for relief. The nurse notes that he may be experiencing :

• Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
• Orthopnea
• Hyperventilation
• Claudication

internal respiration

• happens in the lungs
• happens in the tissues

The respiratory system helps add carbon dioxide to the blood from the heart.

• True
• False

This is a tube about 12cm long with c-shaped rings of cartilage to keep it open

• Nasal cavity
• Trachea
• Mouth Cavity
• Pharynx

A nurse is monitoring a patient who has a chest tube drainage system and notices that there is gentle bubbling in the suction control chamber. What is the appropriate nursing action for this scenario?

• Document this finding.
• Check to see if the chest tube is blocked or kinked
• Check for an air leak
• Notify the physician immediately

the right lung is separated by what fissures?

Carbon Dioxide– excreted and transported by the lungs + haemoglobin =

• oxyhaemoglobin
• carbaminohaemoglobin

_____________ is the actual mechanical intake of air.

• Breathing

Which of the following is a normal finding in the aging adult?

• Anteroposterior diameter increases
• Residual volume decreases
• Airways close late
• Ability to cough increases

Each bronchus leads into a lung and branches into smaller and smaller ______________, resembling an inverted tree.

• BRONCHIOLES

A nurse is caring for a patient who had a surgical placement of a tracheostomy 48 hours ago. What should the nurse's initial action be if tube dislodgement occurs?

• Re-insert the tube and notify the physician
• Place a 4x4 sterile gauze over the stoma to prevent infection
• Obtain the patient's vital signs
• Ventilate the patient using a manual resuscitation bag as another nurse notifies for help from the resuscitation team

A person with asthma uses this because it helps to:

• Relax the muscles around the bronchioles
• Increase the heart rate
• Make the diaphragm contract to increase breathing

What part of the respiratory system is known as the voice box?

• Pharynx
• Trachea
• Larynx
• Bronchi

Most of the time, the pathway for air is open, except when we swallow.

• TRUE
• FALSE

A 40-year old male returned ti his room an hour ago following bronchoscopy. He is requesting for a glass of water. The nurse must first:

• Keep the client on NPO until an order is written.
• Check the vital sign.
• Check the gag reflex and swallowing reflexes.
• Encourage deep breathing and coughing.

It is an acute inflammation of the lungs. Symptoms include high fever, chills, headache, cough, and chest pain.

• Pneumonia
• Lung cancer
• Bronchitis
• Emphysema

The pharynx contains vocal cords, which allow us to make sounds by voluntarily tensing muscles.

• TRUE
• FALSE

5. X is...

• Pharynx

Colds do not have a cure, but its symptoms can be relieved by taking enough rest and drinking lots of fluids

• True
• False

common long term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs

• emphysema
• asthma
• pneumonia
• apnea

A patient with a chronic lung disease arrives on the med-surg unit. Which delivery system would offer the most precise oxygen concentration for this patient?

• Nonrebreather
• Venturi facemask
• Nasal cannula
• Face tent

Which of the following additional assessment data should immediately be gathered to determine the status of a client with a respiratory rate of 4 breaths/minute?

• ABG and breath sounds
• Level of consciousness and a pulse oximetry values
• Breath sounds and reflexes
• Heart sounds and reflexes

receives air from the nasal cavity and air, food, and water from the oral cavity

• larynx
• pharynx
• trachea
• esohpagus

What do you call the process of inhalation and exhalation?

• Respiration

The drug of choice in the treatment of histoplasmosis is:

• Streptomycin
• Rifampicin
• Paraaminosalicyclic acid (PAS)
• Amphotericin B

It is a hair like structure that moves the mucus up and out of the body through sneezing and coughing.

• Cartilage
• Cilia
• Capillaries
• Sinus

The right lung has two lobes while the left lung has three lobes.

• TRUE
• FALSE

It is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease where in the air sacs in the lungs become damaged and stretched.

• emphysema
• lung cancer
• pneumonia
• tuberculosis

The patient below has hypertension. His BP is probably...

• 80/40 mmHg
• 120/80 mmHg
• 150/100 mmHg

The other name for Wind Pipe

• Trachea
• Larynx
• Diaphragm
• Bronchioles

What is the other term for pharyngitis?

• sore throat

Which blood vessel is shown here?

• Aorta
• Inferior vena cava
• Pulmonary artery
• Superior vena cava

It is located from the mouth until the

• lungs

Act of taking air in and out of the lungs.

• Breathing
• Internal Respiration
• External Respiration
• Cellular Respiration

Air enters the body through the __?__

• Nose and Mouth

8. What happens to diaphragm when we breathe in?2 answers.

A 37-year-old patient is admitted to the ED with dyspnea, tachypnea and pink, frothy sputum. The nurse determines that the patient is experiencing:

• Lung abscess
• Neck trauma
• Cor pulmonale
• Pulmonary embolism

– inflammatory condition of lungs affecting primarily the alveoli (may tubig sa lungs)

• emphysema
• asthma
• pneumonia
• apnea

Which of the following describes an ANTIGEN?

• Virus
• Bacteria
• Dust

Structures in the nose that trap bacteria and dirt

• pores
• cilia

A 74-year old is diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which of the following laboratory reports most accurately confirms the diagnosis?

• Chest X-ray
• Sputum culture
• Complete blood count
• Mantoux test

NUMBER 3:

• Pharynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Alveoli

The bronchi (tube to the lungs) is divided into 2 __________ (left and right tubes). Each end of them have air sacs for gas exchange.

• bronchioles

Inside the lungs, the bronchi divide into smaller tubes. At the end of these tubes, there are tiny sacs called...

• Pharynx
• Trachea
• Lungs
• Alveoli

Other term for trachea is windpipe.

• TRUE
• FALSE

It is the inflammation and swelling of the mucous membrane of the nose, characterized by a runny nose and stuffiness and usually caused by the common cold or a seasonal allergy.

• Tonsilitis
• Sinuses
• Rhinitis
• Common colds

9. What is the gas that diffuse and into the blood capillary?

• CO²
• O²
• CO
• SO²

Your patient Kelly has a blood pressure reading of 115/80 mmHg. You tell her:

• Your blood pressure is just fine!
• Careful - your blood pressure is dangerously low.
• Watch your cholesterol intake; your blood pressure is higher than normal.

7. Z is...

• Diaphragm

What are the first defense of the Respiratory System against foreign debris entering the body?

• Antibodies
• Blood
• Skin
• Cilia and Mucus

The organ shown below is the:

• Diaphragm
• Trachea
• Pharynx

Which respiratory illness is caused by an allergen like pet hair?

• tuberculosis
• asthma
• common colds
• bronchitis

Which is/ are part/s of the respiratory system?

4. Where does diffusion happens?

• Bronchiole
• Nostrils
• Trachea
• Alveolus

These structures produce a mucus that moisturizes the inside of the nose which protect the nose from pollutants, micro-organisms, dust and dirt.

• nasal cavity
• nostrils
• tonsils
• sinuses

____________________ are also called the air sacs.

• Alveoli

What internal respiration serves for?

• Generate Carbon Dioxide
• Generate Carbon Monoxide
• Generate ATP
• Generate nails
• Generate the trachea

What condition is caused by allergens that may generate itchiness, watery eyes and swollen eyelids

• Asthma
• Allergy
• Common Cold
• Flu

Air enters __________, is filtered by hairs, warmed, moistened, and sampled for odors as it flows through a maze of nasal passages.

• NOSTRILS

Intercostal muscle helps gas exchange by causing the ribs to move out allowing the lungs to fill with air

• True
• False

Is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths among men and women.

• Lung Cancer
• Influenza
• Common Cold
• Pneumonia

what is the primary muscle for inhalation

• diaphragm

What is the first part of the respiratory system?

• Pharynx
• Larynx
• Mouth
• Nose
• Trachea

Tonsils are part of the larynx.

• TRUE
• FALSE

•At the bottom of the cavity is a large, flat muscle known as the _____________.

• diaphragm

2. The gas we breathe out is...

• H²O
• O²
• CO²
• He

Pharynx is also known as ________________

• Throat

The client had undergone total laryngectomy. He has permanent tracheostomy. Which of the following action needs intervention during tracheal suctioning?

• The nurse dons sterile gloves and uses sterile suction catheter.
• The nurse administers 100% oxygen before and after the suctioning.
• The nurse applies suction for 30 seconds at a time.
• The nurse applies suction during withdrawal of the suction catheter tip.

Taylor has type O+ blood and needs a blood transfusion. What kinds of blood could she receive?

• A- and O-
• O- and O+
• A-, A+, B- and B+

What muscle allows air to enter the trachea instead of the esophagus?

• Epiglottis

It is a cone-shaped passage way leading to trachea.

• Pharynx
• Larynx
• Bronchi
• Nasal Cavity

A 70-year old patient calls 911 because she is worried about strange symptoms she has been having for the last 20 minutes. She cannot feel the right side of her body, and her vision is blurry. You tell her....

• You are having a stroke!
• You are having an asthma attack!
• You are having a heart attack!

suspension of breathing. There is no movement of muscles of inhalation and the volume of the lungs initially remains unchanged

• emphysema
• asthma
• pneumonia
• apnea

The nurse enters the room of a client with COPD. The client's oxygen is running at 8L/min. The nurse's best initial nursing action is:

• Check the doctor's order
• Lower the oxygen rate at 2L/min
• Take the vital sign
• Put the client in Fowler's position

What do you call the tiny hair-like structures inside the nasal cavity that filters dust and dirt from the air we breathe?

• flagella
• vellus hair
• cilia
• nostrils

What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?

• Stays the Same
• Flattens
• Relaxes
• Contracts

Two short tubes that carry air into the lungs

• Trachea
• Bronchioles
• Lungs
• Bronchi

How are the left lung and right lung different from each other? (2pts)

Also known as flu. Cause by a virus that attacks your respiratory system — your nose, throat and lungs.

• Influenza
• URTI -Cold
• Pneumonia
• Bronchitis

What are the functions of the Respiratory System? List down at least 2 functions. (2pts)1.2.

A 53-year-old patient reports smoking two packs of cigarettes per day for the past 35 years. Calculate the pack-years for this patient.

• 17.5
• 35
• 70
• 106

What happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?

• Stays the Same
• Moves downard
• Relaxes
• Contracts

What happens to the diaphragm when we inhale?

• it moves up
• it moves down
• it relaxes

A client with emphysema is observed to have labored breathing and exhibits slow, shallow respiration.. This endangers him to develop :

• Respiratory alkalosis
• Respiratory acidosis
• Metabolic alkalosis
• Metabolic acidosis

Pharynx is also known as the _______.

• throat
• windpipe
• voice box

Which of the following will the nurse interpret as positive Mantaux test?

• Redness greater than 5mm.
• Swelling greater than 7mm.
• Induration greater than 20mm.
• Exudates covering more than 12mm.

The organ shown below is responsible for:

• Removing CO2 from the blood
• Bringing air into the lungs
• Causing the lungs to inflate

Kristina has type AB blood. She was in a major car accident and needs a blood transfusion! Which blood types can she receive?

• A and B only
• A, B, AB and O

A heart attack usually occurs because:

• The alveoli are inflamed
• The coronary artery is blocked by a blood clot
• An artery in the brain bursts

3. What is the compound in red blood cell?

• Oxyhaemoglobin
• Haemoglobin
• Haemogoblin
• Heamoglobin

What blood vessel is shown here?

• Aorta
• Superior vena cava
• Pulmonary artery
• Pulmonary vein

The diaphragm separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity

• True
• False

One of the functions of Respiratory system is to takes up oxygen from air and supplies it to blood (for cellular respiration).

• TRUE
• FALSE

A person with Type AB+ blood has Rh antigens on their blood cells.

• True
• False

In the alveoli, red blood cells gets the __.

• oxygen

Alveoli are not in clusters.

• True
• False

When we breathe out, the ____________ leaves our lungs.

• Carbon dioxide
• Oxygen

___________ are air sacs at the end of bronchioles where gas exchange takes place.

• ALVEOLI

Veins carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.

• True
• False

shortness of breath. Damaged air sacs in the alveoli

• emphysema
• asthma
• pneumonia
• apnea

What are Cillia?

• Hair like structure in the lining of the respiratory System

It is a cancerous growth that invades and destroys lung tissue.

• Pneumonia
• Lung cancer
• Asthma
• Emphysema

A nurse is providing discharge instructions for a tracheostomy patient. Which statement indicates that the patient understands tracheostomy care?

• "I will increase the humidity in my home."
• "I can no longer have showers anymore."
• "Before suctioning, I should wash my hands."
• "If I stick a large cottonball in the airway, I won't be able to breathe."

Blood pressure is a measure of the force of blood on the walls of the arteries.

• True
• False

thicker, wider and shorter bronchus

• right bronchus
• left bronchus

Which things should be observed during a community quarantine?

What aspiration precaution measures should the nurse implement to the 78-year-old patient with a tracheostomy? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is administering oxygen to a patient who has hypoxemia and hypercarbia. Which oxygen delivery system is appropriate for this patient?

• Nonrebreather mask
• Nasal cannula at 2L/min
• Nasal cannula at 4L/min
• Simple facemask at 5L/min

The muscular structure that helps to expand and contract the lungs, forcing air in and out is the _______.

• biceps
• gluteus maximus
• abdomen
• diaphragm

The nurse teaches an adolescent who has had a tonsillectomy which of the following?

• Avoid coughing and cleaning the throat the first week postoperatively.
• Do not eat or drink anything for the first 24 hours.
• If your stool is black for the first few days postop, notify the doctor.
• Avoid cold beverages to prevent irritation of the throat.

acts as a trapdoor, which prevent from food and liquid entering the trachea during swallowing

• larynx
• pharynx
• trachea
• epiglottis

NUMBER 2:

• Pharynx
• Bronchi
• Alveoli
• Lungs

A nurse is reviewing the ABG values and notes a pH of 7.42, a PCO2 of 55 mm Hg, and a HCO3 of 24 mEq/L. What does the nurse interpret these values as?

• Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
• Compensated respiratory alkalosis
• Compensated respiratory acidosis
• Uncompensated respiratory acidosis

Which part is the site of gas exchange?

• nostrils
• bronchi
• trachea
• alveolus

where gas exchange occurs

• alveoli

What do you call a system responsible for breathing?

• Respiratory System

What do you call the main muscle for respiration?

• diaphragm

Before starting on Isoniazid (INH), a client will probably have which of the following laboratory tests?

• AST and ALT
• BUN, serum creatinine
• Serum glucose level
• Blood uric acid level

Which part of the Respiratory System plays a major role in speech?

• nose
• pharynx
• larynx
• trachea

Pleurisy is the inflammation of the _______.

• lungs
• trachea
• alveoli
• pleura

Oxygen – carried in the blood + haemoglobin =

• oxyhaemoglobin
• carbaminohaemoglobin

Given the following structures:1. larynx2. nasal cavity3. pharynx4. tracheaWhich of the following is the correct order that air would flow during inhalation.

• 1,2,3,4
• 2,3,1,4
• 2,1,3,4
• 4,2,3,1

Give 1 way of taking care of respiratory system

What Happens during Aerobic respiration?

What is the importance of the hair in the nose?

Which chamber of the heart is shown here?

• Right atrium
• Right ventricle
• Left atrium
• Left ventricle

Flu is a contagious illness caused by several influenza viruses.

• True
• False

What do you call the process of taking out air from the lungs?

• exhalation

What is/are the function/s of the respiratory system?

While auscultating a 65-year-old patient, the nurse hears bronchovesicular breath sounds over the lung fields. How does this nurse interpret this finding?

• Pulmonary consolidation
• This is a normal finding
• Bronchitis
• Pleural effusion

Which clinical manifestation is the main sign of lung disease?

• Dyspnea
• Hemoptysis
• Cough
• Hoarseness

Lymphocytes are:

• A type of red blood cell that carries oxygen
• A type of white blood cell that fights viruses and bacteria
• A type of pathogen

A condition in which your airways narrow and swell and produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath.

• Flu
• Common cold
• Allergy
• Asthma

A client has active TB. Which of the following clinical manifestations will he exhibit?

• Chest and lower backpain
• Headache and fever
• Fever, night sweats, chills, hemoptysis
• Fever of more than 140F and nausea

10. What is the name of the process above?

• Excretion
• Exhale
• Inhale
• Diffusion

Also known as the voice box that extends from the root of the tongue (very important for voice speech: vocal cords)

• larynx
• pharynx
• trachea
• esohpagus

What would be the best advice for this man, who has hypertension?

• Don't consume so much sugar.
• Try to reduce the cholesterol in your diet.
• Get more sleep each night.

The Upper Respiratory System has three parts namely: Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, and _______________.

• Larynx

While assessing a trachostomy patient, the nurse notices that there is a crackling sensation around the neck. The nurse suspects this complication as:

• Pneumothorax
• Tracheomalacia
• Subcutaneous emphysema
• Trachea-innominate artery fistula

the average respiratory rate is 12 to 15 breaths/minute

• true
• false

What is the site of gas exchange?

• alveoli
• nose
• lung
• bronchi

The most comfortable position for the client with COPD is:

• Semi-Fowler's pisition
• Sitting upright leaning forward
• Lateral position
• High-Fowler's position

What do you call the flap of cartilage which prevents the food from entering the trachea?

• tonsils
• uvula
• epiglottis
• pharynx

6. Y.......?

• Trachea

1. What is the system that help us breathe?

• Respiratory System
• Excretion System
• Circulatory System
• Digestive System

Which is the correct passage of air from the environment to the inside of the body?

• nose, lungs, trachea, bronchi
• trachae, nose, bronchi, lungs
• nose, trachea, bronchi, lungs
• trachae,bronchi, lungs, nose

List down 2 components of the air we breathe in.

Choose two things that happen during inhalation.

A postop patient who had a bronchoscopy two hours ago is NPO and states that he is hungry. What should the nurse do?

• Notify the physician
• Calmly tell the patient that he must remain NPO until another four hours
• Order food since the patient is A&O
• Check for a gag reflex return

external respiration

• happens in the lungs
• happens in the tissues

A person who has B antigens present but no Rh antigens would be:

• B-
• A+
• B+

The nurse is suctioning a patient with an endotracheal tube. Which of the following is a correct technique for this procedure?

• Suction for 5 seconds
• Apply suction during insertion
• Suction the mouth before suctioning the airway
• Hyperoxygenate before and after suctioning

Where are lymphocytes found in the body?

• In the blood plasma
• In the muscles
• In the nerve cells

The process of using oxygen to break down sugar in food, producing energy (ATP) in cells and releasing carbon dioxide as a waste product.

• Breathing
• Internal Respiration
• External Respiration
• Cellular Respiration

A client with chest tube has accidentally removed it. What should be done first?

• Lie the client down on the left side.
• Lie the client on the right side.
• Apply an occlusive dressing over the site.
• Reinsert the chest tube that fell out.

Suggest 5 ways to improve your respiratory health. (5pts)1.2.3.4.5.

We breathe in carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen

• True
• False

What part of blood is shown here?

• Red blood cells
• White blood cells
• Plasma

A nurse is caring for a patient who had a thoracentesis eight hours ago. While assessing the patient, the nurse observes that the patient has a rapid heart rate, rapid, shallow respirations, and has absent breath sounds to the left upper lobe of the lung. The nurse interprets this complication as:

• Pulmonary embolism
• Pneumothorax
• Respiratory distress
• Flail chest

Caused by inhaling tar in cigarrette smoke

• Bronchitis
• Lung cancer
• Asthma
• Respiratory infections

The patient is scheduled to have a pulmonary function test. Further instruction is needed when she states:

• " I should use my atenolol right away before the test."
• "I shouldn't smoke 6 hours beforehand."
• "I should only breathe through my mouth."
• "This test will help identify the cause of my shortness of breath."
• Atenolol is a bronchodilator that must be withheld 4-6 hours before the procedure as to not skew the results

COPD means _____________________________

• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Which are the main organs in the respiratory system?

• Heart
• Stomach
• Lungs
• Nose

Which of the following statements best describes ARDS?

• Alveoli are overdistended.
• Alveoli are fluid filled.
• Alveoli are filled with mucus secretions.
• Alveoli have increased perfusion.

A 49-year old client with cancer of the lung just had thoracentesis. The nurse would position the client:

• On the affected side
• On the unaffected side
• Semi-fowler's position
• On his back

What blood vessel surrounds the alveoli and absorbs the air that we breathe?

• Capillaries
• Veins
• Arteries

What are Bronchioles?

• Subdivisions of bronchi
• Part of the trachea
• Where gas exchanges happen
• Cartilages of the larynx
• Parts of the diaphragm

A 52 yera old client is being discharged following laryngectomy for cancer of the larynx. Prior to discharge, the nurse assesses the following psychomotor skills:

• Administering injections, changing dressing and chest physiotherapy
• Taking the blood pressure, pulse rate and monitoring serum glucose
• Suctioning and caring for tracheostomies and tracheostomy tube
• Tube feeding, taking aerosol medications and taking blood pressure

What part of the Respiratory System allows the exchange of gases?

• alveoli

The part of the skeleton that protects the lungs

• ribs

Intersection where pathway for air and food cross. Most of the time, the pathway for air is open, except when we swallow is called ___________________.

• Pharynx

Which of the following would be considered most normal in the water - seal chamber withig the first 24 hours postoperatively with a two-bottle water-seal drainage?

• No fluctuation in the water - seal tube
• Intermittent, slight bubbling from the water-seal tube
• Bright-red blood bloody drainage
• Continuous bubbling in the water-seal tube

The blood vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs are called the p________________ artery and vein.

• pulmonary

The disease causes inflammation of the lungs' air sacs, which become filled with pus or fluid

• Tuberculosis
• Pneumonia
• Emphysema
• Lung Cancer

Which is NOT a symptom of a heart attack?

• Shortness of breath
• Pain in the chest area
• Slurred speech

Which of the following breathing techniques does the nurse teache a client with pulmonary emphysema that will assist in exhalation?

• Push on abdomen during exhalation.
• Sit in high-Fowler's position with legs extended
• Lean forward 30 to 40 degrees with each exhalation.
• Sit up with shoulders back.

__________ exchange takes place in the alveoli.

• Gas

How do organisms obtain oxygen?

• by process of blood transfusion
• by process of ingestion and digestion
• by process of gas exchange
• by process of excretion

Which of the following could be considered a pathogen?

• Dust
• Pollen
• Bacteria

the left lung is separated by what fissures?

• oblique fissure
• horizontal fissure

What is the normal number of breaths per minute?

• 12 to 16 with 2 seconds separation
• 30 to 35 with 4 seconds separation
• 10 to 18 with 2 seconds separation
• 5 to 8 with 5 seconds separation
• 10 to 18 with 4 seconds separation

The acessory muscles of the respiratory system are

• they are sternocledomastoid, platysma and scalene muscles of the neck

measure the maximum amount of air a person can exhale after taking a deep breath

• vital capacity

Carbon dioxide in the blood diffuses into the alveolus.

• TRUE
• FALSE

Inside the lungs, the bronchi divide into smaller tubes. At the end of these tubes, there are tiny air sacs called ______.

• uvula
• epiglottis
• bronchioles
• alveoli

A 19-year old client comes to the emergency department with acute asthma. His respiratory rate is 44 bpm and he appears in acute respiratory distress. Which of the following actions should be taken first?

• Take a full nursing history
• Administer bronchodilator by nebulizer
• Provide emotional support to the client
• Administer oxygen 6L/m

Associated with group of lung diseases

• COPD
• Emphysema
• Common colds
• Influenza

A condition in which breathing is impaired by constriction of bronchi and bronchioles, cough, and thick mucus secretions.

• Asthma
• Bronchitis
• Emphysema
• Pneumonia

The alveoli is lined with _?_ for gas exchange.

• Ciliated Cells
• Guard Cells
• Blood Capillaries
• Bronchi

voluntary (exhale); involuntary (inhale)

• true
• false

A permanent and irreversible destruction of alveolar walls, resulting in loss of lung elasticity and gas exchange surface.

• Asthma
• Bronchitis
• Emphysema
• Pneumonia

When we inhale:

The material found in the ears and tip of the nose that holds the trachea open

• cartilage

Which helps fight against viruses and bacteria?

• Red blood cells
• White blood cells
• Plasma

A client was admitted to the hospital with client chest pain and shortness of breath. Arterial blood gases were: pH=7.52, pCO2= 27, HCO3= 22. These values indicate:

• Respiratory alkalosis
• Respiratory acidosis
• Metabolic alkalosis
• Metabolic acidosis