Forensic Science

How to identify the investigator direct witnesse?

• Blaming him until the truth
• Brief Verbal Questioning
• Tortuting him

When a person comes in contact with an object or another person, a ___________________ of physical material can occur

• cross-transfer

The most common type of regenerated fiber, which is derived from cellulose and is mostly plant in origin, is rayon.

• True
• False

A rule of evidence regarding the admissibility of expert witness testimony. The trial judge serves as the gatekeeper who determines whether an expert’s evidence is deemed reputable and relevant.

• Daubert Ruling
• Frye Standard (Ruling)
• Miranda V. Arizona
• Gideon V. Wainwright

A small molecule that may bond to other monomers to become a polymer is a:

• monomer.
• polymer.
• fiber.
• None of these choices.

The processing that occurs when one arrives at the jail or holding facility. This process entails taking fingerprints, taking photo (also known as the “mug shot”), and gathering all pertinent personal information like name, date of birth, address and place of employment.

• Arraignment
• Grand Jury Trial
• Preliminary Hearing
• Booking

Which of the following is an example of friction that is helpful?

• Brakes used on a bike
• Tires from a car on the road
• Tread on the bottom of your shoes
• All are examples that are helpful

Forensic Scientists are able to extract both the blood type and the DNA from a blood sample. Which type of evidence is this?

• Class
• Individual

Which of these is not a type of soil texture

• sand
• silt
• clay
• dirt

What is a Force?

• The distance
• Mass
• A push or pull
• Give me a failing grade

The ability to establish the exact whereabouts of an item of evidence and under whose control it was from its collection at the crime scene to its presentation in the courtroom and everywhere in between is called

• chain of command
• record of evidence
• chain of custody

D is what kind of pattern?

• spiral

Humans have different teeth present in the mouth. Can you choose the correct answer below:

• A: Canine, B: Premolar, C: Incisors and D: Molar
• A: Incisors, B: Canine, C: Premolar and D: Molar
• A: Molar, B: Incisors, C: Premolar and D: Canine

A fingerprint could be which of the following types of evidence?

Applying science concepts and skills to matters of the law is the definition of which of the following?

• Perception
• Forensic Science
• Courtroom Testimony
• Deductive Reasoning

An arrangement between prosecutor and defendant whereby the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge in exchange for a more lenient sentence or an agreement to drop other charges.

• Grand Jury
• Probative
• No Bill
• Plea Bargaining

Forensic science is the application of science to ________

• Crime
• Law
• Chemistry
• Fingerprints

Paper bindle

• a folded paper used to hold trace evidence
• the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
• a location where crime was took place
• evidence that (if true) proves an alleged fact, such as an eyewitness account of crime

______________ evidence - Testimony by a witness about what that witness saw, heard, or did. Video recording of the crime

• Direct

How did the Amanda Knox case tie into the Physical Evidence unit?

Define class characteristics and give 2 examples.

Who is responsible for taking pictures at a crime scene?

• medical examiner
• police officer
• forensic photographer
• detective

True or False: Generally speaking, the chance of an investigator finding physical evidence possessing individual characteristics is far greater than finding class physical evidence.

• True
• False

An alternate location where additional evidence has been found.

• Secondary crime scene
• Primary crime scene
• Physical location
• Suspected location

A is...

• Class

In a crime scene sketch, to show where a dead body or weapon is located, one should measure and draw the distance from the evidence

• 1 a movable landmark
• 2 immovable landmarks
• 3 the body

The weight or significance of physical evidence in a courtroom is left to the ______ to determine.

• expert witnesses or criminalists who are testifying
• laboratory analysts who are interpreting the results of their tests
• the trier of facts, usually a jury of laypeople (amateurs)
• the prosecutor, who instructs the jury of how much weight to assign to a piece of evidence

Synthetic polymer fibers, which all originate with petroleum products, are cellulose-based fibers.

• True
• False

What are the best possible conditions to finding fresh gravesites? Why are these conditions ideal? Hint: think about the weather conditions and elevation

A French criminologist, the pioneer in forensic science who became known as the "Sherlock Holmes of France". He formulated the basic principle of forensic science: "Every contact leaves a trace".

• Edmond Locard
• Ernesto Miranda
• Gideon Wainwright
• Sherlock Holmes

crime-scene investigation

• a multidisciplinary approach in which scientific and legal professionals work together to solve a crime
• the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
• (indirect evidence) evidence used to imply a fact but not to prove it
• the first police officer to arrive at a crime scene

How did the Scott Peterson case tie into the Physical Evidence unit?

• It showed how physical evidence can influence a case, no matter how concrete or circumstantial
• It showed how class evidence can escalate into individual evidence
• It showed how improperly collected/analyzed physical evidence can jeopardize a case
• It showed how physical evidence can exonerate a suspect from a crime

A material that can be related to a SINGLE source.

• Trace Evidence
• Class evidence
• individual evidence

PPE stands for...

• Personal Protective Equipment
• Personal Property Equipment
• Protective Priority Equipment
• Priority Protective Equipment

Weave patterns have names like tabby, twill and ___________.

• satin

True or False: Technology surrounding the forensic sciences has evolved to the point that an examiner can assign approximate probability values to the comparison of most class physical evidence.

• True
• False

Scientific tests or techniques used in connection with the detection of crime.

• Physiology
• Criminology
• Criminalistics
• Biology

What are the two types of crime scenes?

• Primary and Secondary Crime Scene

Manila is a fiber extracted from the leaves of ______, a relative of the banana tree.

• abaca

_____________________ aims to see how facts fit into the crime scenario

• lead detective

True or False: objects that are smooth have LESS friction than objects that are rough

• TRUE
• FALSE

Forensic Science is

• microscopes used for vapor
• the applications of testing
• applying principles of science to the law
• the application of evidence to testing

If both forces are going in the same direction you should______ those forces

• Add
• Subtract
• Divide
• Multiply

Sally experiences-

• Rolling Friction
• Sliding Friction
• Fluid Friction
• Static Friction

How many techniques do they use in the laboratory ?

• 50
• 15
• 25
• 5

"Every contact leaves a trace." This is known as _____

• physical evdience
• Locard's exchange principle
• Forensic exchange principle
• the law of forensics

This type of force resist motion between two surfaces that are pressed together

• contact
• gravity
• friction

The number of threads that are packed together for any given amount of fabric is known as _______ ________.

• thread count

________________ lab – where evidence is processed revealing facts about the crime.

• forensic

Maintaining a ______ _____ _______ log is essential to present credible evidence in court.

• Turning off Filters
• Chain of Command
• Chain of Custody
• Evidence ID Forms

What where the two factors that Luciano Posada Garcia Said?

• look at the body
• Observation and analysis of the facts
• Accusate at the firts suspect

Fibers are woven into textiles or fabrics.

• True
• False

Which of the following would be trace evidence?

The powerpoint gives this as an example of biological evidence. Either one will work.

• blood

Why can we separate the rock and salt from a mixture of rock-salt in water?

• The salt dissolves in the water
• The rock dissolves in the water
• The water evaporates and leaves the salt
• The salt evaporates and leaves the rock

Small glass fragment of a jar that can't be put back together, is this consider class or individual evidence?

• Class Evidence
• Individual Evidence

In a crime scene the forensic scientist must wear protective equipment as shown in the picture. Which of the following is correct:

In order for evidence to be allowed into court, it must be ruled as _____ and material.

• probative

One seed fiber is:

• cotton.
• hemp.
• coir.
• jute.

The OLDEST forensic laboratory in the United States is that of the:

• F.B.I. Laboratory.
• New Jersey State Police Laboratory
• Los Angeles Police Department
• New York City's Crime Laboratory

Which type of evidence (if true) involves stating a suspect committed the crime?

• Individual Evidence
• Direct Evidence
• Class Evidence
• Circumstantial Evidence

Using any or all of your 5 senses to collect information is called an ___________________.

What is the purpose of chromatography?

• To separate mixtures depending on colour
• To dissolve mixtures depending on colour
• To separate mixtures depending on solubility

What are the responsibilities of a first responder?

Early collection of fibers in an investigation is critical. Within 24 hours, an estimated ____ percent of all fibers may have fallen from a victim or been lost from a crime scene.

• 65
• 75
• 85
• 95

Friction is an example of _____________

• contact force
• non contact force
• both of these
• none of these

What force holds the planets in motion around the sun?

• Magnetic
• Electrical
• Gravitational
• Air Resistance

Maintaining a ____________________________ log is essential to present credible evidence in court

• chain of custody

A person's INTERPRETATION or understanding of people, events, situations and how they view the world is called ______________.

• Opinion
• Fact
• Analytical Skill
• Perception

Which of the following would not be at the crime scene?

• Police
• District Attorney
• Medical Examiner
• Coroner

Something that is known or proven to be true.

• Fact
• Opinion
• Perception
• Theory

A is what kind of pattern?

• grid

Evidence that only exists for a short period of time is what type of evidence?

• Direct Evidence
• Testimonial Evidence
• Circumstantial Evidence
• Transient Evidence

What is turnaround time?

• The time it takes for ordering, specimen collection, transportation, processing, analysis and reporting.
• The length of time for a lab to centrifuge a specimen.
• The length of time from the specimen entering the lab to the result.
• The time it takes to do a point of care lab.

Which of the following would be considered physical evidence?

Flax is the most common stem fiber, and is most commonly found in the textile, _________.

• linen

Which of the following would be considered transient evidence?

What initially happens when a body is buried in soil? (cadaver decomposition island (CDI)

• kills the vegetation
• vegetation improves
• improves soil pH

What is Locard’s Exchange Principle?

• For every reaction, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• Every contact leaves a trace.
• How often have I said that when you have excluded the impossible whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.
• The world is full of obvious things which nobody by any chance ever observes.

What is a comparison analysis?

Forces that have a net force of zero Newtons

• Balanced force
• Unbalanced force

In general, eyewitness evidence is MORE accurate than direct evidence left at the crime scene (fingerprints, fibers, etc.)

• True
• False

What are the responsibilities of a later responder?

Which of the 4 types of sand is the most common?

• Volcanic
• Continental
• Skeletal
• Precipitate

C is what kind of pattern? Only give one answer, either will work.

• quadrant

B is...

• Individual

Until the nineteenth century, only plant or animal fibers were used to make clothing and textiles. Half the fibers produced today are synthetic. They are categorized as:

• fruit fibers and polymers.
• stem fibers and polymers.
• regenerated fibers and polymers.
• seed fibers and polymers.

When we rub our hands together _________.

• frictional force works between them
• energy is released
• our hands become warm
• all off the above

Evidence that places someone at the scene of a crime is ALWAYS what type of evidence?

• Physical Evidence
• Direct Evidence
• Circumstantial Evidence
• Transient Evidence

When forces are going in the opposite direction of each other you should do what do find the net force

• Subtract
• Add
• Divide
• Multiply

How many pictures should be taken of each piece of evidence at a crime scene?

• 4
• 20
• 2
• as many as necessary

A type of friction that occurs when air pushes against a moving object causing it to decelerate.

• surface area
• air resistance
• velocity
• gravity

What is the name of the first criminalist women

• Elizabeth Blackwell

Someone claims to have seen a pickpocket grab a wallet, and gives a physical description of her. What type(s) of evidence is this?

This type of reasoning is used to draw conclusions from evidence

• Deductive
• Inductive
• Critical
• Biased

Deductive Reasoning can best be described as....

• the process of reaching a conclusion about an event based on information & clues
• Using eyewitness accounts to convict a criminal
• Sharing your opinions about a criminal event
• Making good observations

The first system of personal identification was fingerprinting.

• True
• False

Circumstantial evidence is also called what?

• Indirect evidence

You recover and sequence a DNA sample from a crime scene. What else is required to match it to a suspect?

Which of the following is NOT an example of physical evidence?

• A witness statement
• A footprint
• A fingerprint
• A drop of blood

The premise in which Locard's Exchange Principle is based is that every criminal can be connected to a _______ by dust particles carried from the crime scene.

• crime

This evidence can be traced to a single source.

• Transient
• Individual
• Class
• Circumstantial

What is one example of direct evidence that you were in this room?

All of the following are basic services provided by "full-service crime laboratories" except:

• Document Examination Unit
• Firearms Unit
• Toxicology Unit
• Biology Unit

Which of the following is not one of the seven S's of crime scene investigation?

• Secure
• Separate
• Scan
• Sketch
• Scale

Study of the material can determine the nature and ___________________ of the transfer (or struggle)

• duration

Check all of the reasons for committing a crime.

Forensic scientists examine a loose hair, and are able to determine its color and thickness, but are not able to extract DNA. Which type of evidence is this?

• Class
• Individual

What are the techniques used in a laboratory after collecting evidence?

• Hematology and serology
• Ballistics
• Body lift
• None

Natural plant fibers are produced from:

• seeds.
• fruits.
• stems and leaves.
• All of the these choices.

What determines our characteristics?

• RNA
• DNA
• Chromosomes
• Nucleus

Forensic science is defined as "the application of science to those criminal and civil laws that are enforced by police agencies in a medical system.

• True
• False

What is the unit to MEASURE force?

• Kilogram
• Meter
• Pounds
• Newton

Identical twins have identical fingerprints.

• True
• False

Which of these materials do you predict would have the MOST amount of friction?

• metal
• tile
• sand paper
• denim

The written record of a crime scene photograph includes all of the following EXCEPT

• time
• date
• weather conditions
• camera settings
• location

The United States is one of the only a handful of countries in the world that have created and maintained forensic facilities.

• True
• False

What is the first "S" in the 7 S's of Crime Scene Investigation?

• Search for Evidence
• Scan the scene
• Separate the Witnesses
• Secure the scene

Individual evidence

• a kind of evidence that identifies a particular person or thing
• the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
• a location where crime was took place
• evidence that (if true) proves an alleged fact, such as an eyewitness account of crime

Lithium burns with what colour of flame?

• red

All plant fibers share the common polymer that is:

• cellulose.
• sulfuric acid.
• protein.
• None of these choices.

When evidence can be associated only with a group and never a single source, that evidence is said to possess:

• Class categories
• Class characteristics
• Group categories
• Group characteristics

Two methods that can analyze fibers without damaging them are:

• polarizing light microscopy and infrared spectroscopy.
• polarizing light spectroscopy and infrared microscopy.
• heat and light.
• None of these choices.

The legal rights of an arrested person to have an attorney and to refuse to answer questions.

• Probable Cause
• Miranda Rights
• True Bill
• No Bill

Fibers that have been spun together are called

• a mineral fiber.
• a textile.
• a fiber.
• a yarn

Who is the CAKE CULPRIT?

All evidence gathered at a crime scene must be

• labeled and documented
• analyzed in a scientific manner
• handled carefully so not to contaminate the specimen
• all of the options are correct.

Rough surfaces have _________

• greater friction
• less friction
• the same level of friction

In 1993, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that the Frye v. United States precedent is an absolute prerequisted to the admissibility of scientific evidence.

• True
• False

The crime scene must be preserve and account for all the evidence left by the suspect. A crime scene sketch is a required part of an investigation.

• True
• False

This type of law consists of the laws passed by the legislature. For the federal government, the acts passed by the United States Congress. These acts are designated as Public Laws or Private Laws.

• Equity Law
• Common (Case) Law
• Criminal Law
• Statutory Law

Every person's fingerprints are _____________

• unique

Which individual contributed knowledge to the forensic characterization of blood:

• Alphonse Bertillon
• Albert Osborn
• Thomas Taylor
• Alec Jefferies

Sliding friction is when two _____________ surfaces slide over one another.

• liquid
• oil
• solid

What type of evidence is DNA?

• Individual
• Class

Trace evidence is evidence that is:

• Left only in small quantities
• Left by an innocent person
• Left by contamination of the scene
• Left by the victim of the crime

When fibers are transferred directly from victim to suspect or suspect to victim, this is called:

• necessary transfer.
• absolute transfer.
• direct transfer.
• None of these choices.

What type of evidence is shoe size?

• Class
• Individual

What is the indirect transfer of fibres called?

• secondary

Most items of physical evidence retrieved at crime scene:

• Can be definitively linked to a single person or object
• Can be used in court with little challenge to their scientific validity
• Can be manipulated by forensic scientists to "tell" the story they wish to tell
• Cannot be definitively linked to a single person or object

A group of citizens empowered by law to conduct legal proceedings and investigate potential criminal conduct, and determine whether criminal charges should be brought or not.

• Judges
• Grand Jury
• Investigators
• Criminalists

Which is the most common mineral found in sand?

• mica
• feldspar
• quartz
• granite

In a crime scene sketch, there should always be an arrow to show which way is

• South
• East
• West
• North

Do most soil samples contain a mixture of all 3 soil types?

• YES
• NO

Fiberglass is a fiber form of:

• proteins.
• cellulose.
• glass.
• polymers.

Ruling by the court that said "an expert opinion is admissible if the scientific technique on which the opinion is based is “generally accepted” as reliable in the relevant scientific community". Gave no real direction; acceptability determined by jury.

• Daubert Ruling
• Frye Standard (Ruling)
• Expert Witness Testimony
• Eye Witness Testimony

Define individual characteristics and give 2 examples.

The rougher the surface, the faster an object will travel over the surface.

• True
• False

True or False: crime scene reconstruction may corroborate or contradict an eyewitness account.

• True
• False

Fingerprints can be lifted from carpeting.

• True
• False

This person applies scientific techniques in a laboratory to identify, analyze, and interpret physical evidence from a crime scene, and testify objectively about their findings in court.

• Criminaologist
• Criminalist
• Detective
• Police Officer

A person who is permitted to testify at a trial because of special knowledge or proficiency in a particular field that is relevant to the case.

• Prosecutor
• Defense attorney
• Judge
• Expert Witness

Fiber evidence is gathered with:

A ____________ is a push or a pull on an object.

• friction
• force
• magnet
• gravity

Polyester has properties similar to nylon except it is easily broken down by light and concentrated acid.

• True
• False

A formal accusation against someone who is suspected of committing a serious crime, filed after the conclusion of a grand jury investigation.

• Indict (Indictment)
• No Bill
• Arraignment
• Preliminary Hearing

State the Product Rule and explain how it applies to the comparison of physical evidence.

What is the purpose of identification?

What charges NOT did Elizabeth have?

• Medical write
• medical
• teacher
• essayist

A crime sufficiently serious to be punishable by death or a term in state or federal prison. A crime carrying a minimum term of one year or more in state prison, since a year or less can be served in county jail. Sometimes referred to as "high crimes" as described in the U.S. Constitution.

• Grand Jury
• Violation
• Infraction
• Felony

The powerpoint gives this as an example of physical evidence

• fingerprints

A view or judgment someone has about something or someone that is NOT necessarily based on fact. This is called an ________________.

• opinion

Fibers are classified as either:

• natural fibers or synthetic fibers.
• acrylic fibers or plant fibers.
• polymers or synthetic fibers.
• olefins or synthetic fibers.

A set of pre-trial restrictions that are imposed on a suspect to ensure that they comply with the judicial process. It is the conditional release of a defendant with the promise to appear in court when required.

• indictment
• arraignment
• bail
• no bill

A legal term that comes from the Latin phrase for "I do not wish to contend". It is also referred to as a plea of no contest.

• Amicus curiae
• Nolo Contendere
• Corpus delicti
• Inter alia

Swimming fish experience-

• Rolling Friction
• Sliding Friction
• Fluid Friction
• Static Friction

The examination of physical evidence by a forensic scientist is usually undertaken for:

• Identification or comparison purposes
• Proving a suspect's guilt in the courtroom
• Proving a suspect's innocence in the courtroom
• Assisting law enforcement in the apprehension of an offender

Consists of the laws passed by the legislature. For the federal government, the acts passed by the United States Congress. These acts are designated as Public Laws or Private Laws.

• Civil Law
• Criminal Law
• Administrative Law
• Statutory Law

What is one example of physical, circumstantial evidence that you were present in this room?

How did the Forensic Files: Bad Blood episode tie into the Physical Evidence unit?

• It showed how physical evidence can influence a case, no matter how concrete or circumstantial
• It showed how class evidence can escalate into individual evidence
• It showed how improperly collected/analyzed physical evidence can jeopardize a case
• It showed how physical evidence can exonerate a suspect from a crime

Any physical location in which a crime has occurred or is suspected of having occurred.

• Crime Scene
• Primary Location
• Secondary Location
• Alibi

Chromatography is

• a laboratory test used to identify particular substance
• a mapping technique
• a photographic process
• used to identify shoe size

Which is NOT trace evidence?

• DNA
• Carpet fibre
• Sweater fibre
• hair

This can also be used to collect evidence at a crime scene.

• Bindle
• Cup wit lid
• File Folder
• Envelopes

Chain of custody

• the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
• (indirect evidence) evidence used to imply a fact but not to prove it
• the first police officer to arrive at a crime scene
• small but measurable amounts of physical or biological material found at crime scene

Crime scene reconstruction uses _______ to recreate the likely sequence of events from an incident.

• detective notes
• crime scene photos
• witness/suspect accounts
• all of the above

Personnel must maintain chain of custody records to include: final disposal authority of evidence, final disposal action of evidence, witness to destruction of evidence.

• TRUE
• FALSE

How do insects help solve crimes?

• The insects arrive on a decomposing body at certain times, giving investigators approximate times of death.

The job of a forensic science is to________ evidence from the crime scene and to __________ this evidence in the lab in order to find the possible culprit. Type "and" between the words in your answer.

• Collect and analyse

When collecting soil evidence, it is important to collect at least _____ tablespoons of soil

• 4

The transfer of evidence such as a fiber from a source to a person, then to another person, is called:

• primary transfer.
• secondary transfer.
• tertiary transfer.
• direct transfer.

What is the difference between direct and circumstantial evidence?

A person who has information or knowledge about an event and can give a first-hand description of the event because they were present.

• Forensic Investigator
• Eyewitness
• Forensic Scientist
• A news watcher

Wheels of a shopping cart experience-

• Rolling Friction
• Sliding Friction
• Fluid Friction
• Static Friction

A disadvantage of manufactured fibers is that they can deteriorate in bright sunlight and melt at a lower temperature than natural fibers.

• True
• False

Wheels on a skateboard most likely experiences-

• Rolling Friction
• Sliding Friction
• Fluid Friction
• Static Friction

What is forensic science?

• Science applied to criminal law
• Speech and debate competitions

If these teams are pulling with the same amount of force what will happen?

• The boy in blue will win.
• They will not move at all.
• The boy in red will win.
• Both will fall down.

An eye witness' testimony can be affected by...

• All of these
• Who else is around.
• How they felt that day.
• Religious views

PPE includes....

Which form of evidence can be associated with a group?

• Class
• Inidiviudal
• Testimonial
• Transient

How does a body affect the soil when buried directly in soil?

• changes the temperature
• changes the air
• changes the soil integrity
• changes the soil chemistry

Any "lesser" criminal act in some common law legal systems. Generally punished less severely than more serious felonies, but theoretically more so than administrative infractions and regulatory offences. Many are punished with monetary fines.

• Felony
• Infraction
• Misdemeanor
• Violation

Bite marks found on the victim can be used as evidence to find the culprit. Which of the below characteristics would help in the investigation for bite marks. Choose any of the correct answers below

when securing a crime scene the two most important factors are to

• scan the scene, separate the witnesses
• safety of individuals, separate the witnesses
• see the scene, preserving evidence
• safety of individual, preserving evidence

B is what kind of pattern?

• linear

Define the "Locard's Principle."

• the scientific examination of evidence in a criminal investigation
• states that criminals always take a trace of something with them or leave a trace of something behind at the scene of the crime
• a type of evidence
• the person who runs the Locard School

A forensic scientist will ask questions about:

What is the name of the organic material found within soil?

• Humus
• Dirt
• Sediment
• Feldspar

A bill of indictment found by a grand jury to be supported by sufficient evidence to justify the hearing of a case.

• Arraignment
• No Bill
• True Bill
• Bail

Which of the following is not an optional service, which maybe provided by a full-service crime laboratory?

• Polygraph Unit
• Photography Unit
• Latent Fingerprint Unit
• Vocieprint Analysis Unit

Natural fibers come from:

• plants.
• animals.
• minerals that are mined from the ground.
• All of these choices.

What is the difference between class and individual evidence?

Locard's exchange principle states that "With ____________, there is a trace".

• contact

How did the Wayne Williams case tie into the Physical Evidence unit?

• It showed how physical evidence can influence a case, no matter how concrete or circumstantial
• It showed how class evidence can escalate into individual evidence
• It showed how improperly collected/analyzed physical evidence can jeopardize a case
• It showed how physical evidence can exonerate a suspect from a crime

True or False: Physical evidence is usually examined by a forensic scientist to determine the identity of the offender of the crime.

• True
• False

The body of law that regulates the operation and procedures of government agencies. (IRS, Military, ect.)

• Administrative Law
• Equity Law
• Common (Case) Law
• Civil Law

The examination of bitemark evidence and its relation to a criminal investigation is known as:

• Forensic Anthropology
• Forensic Odontology
• Forensic Entomology
• Forensic Biology

The requirement in criminal law that police have adequate reason to arrest someone, conduct a search, or seize property relating to an alleged crime. This requirement comes from the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.

• Indictment
• Probably Cause
• Material
• Arraignment

The chain of custody begins:

• When an item of evidence is dropped by the suspect
• When an item of evidence is collected
• When an item of evidence is brought to the station

A basic function of a forensic scientist includes:

• providing expert testimony.
• furnishing training on the proper collection of physical evidence.
• analysis of physical evidence.
• all of the above.

Trace evidence

• small but measurable amounts of physical or biological material found at crime scene
• the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
• a location where crime was took place
• a kind of evidence that identifies a particular person or thing

Properties of evidence that can be attributed to a common source with an extremely high degree of certainty is/are:

• Comparison characteristics
• Referent characteristics
• Class characteristics
• Individual characteristics

The simplest weave pattern is the plain, or ___________, weave

• tabby

As decomposition continues what then happens to the soil?

• improves in quality, with the same plants
• continues to decrease in quality, not allowing plants to grow back
• continues to decrease as the pH will continue to drop
• improves in quality so that different plants will grow

Friction is a force that acts in an ___________ direction of movement.

• similar
• opposite
• parallel
• west

Calculate the probability (%) of a suspect having all 3 factors in their genetic profile:CSF1PO 9,10: 11.2%D18S51 14,17: 2.8%D8S1179 17,18: 6.7%

• 0.021

Check all that have crime labs:

The original location of a crime or accident.

• Primary
• Secondary
• Original
• Jail

An example would be a blood sample from the victim used to compare to blood found on a suspect's knife.

• Direct evidence
• Class characteristics
• Modus operandi
• Known standard
• Individual characteristics

the first responding police officer should keep a record of anyone who enters or leave the crime scene. This is called

• chain of command
• evidence log
• security log

A court proceeding at which a criminal defendant is formally advised of the charges against him and is asked to enter a plea to the charges. In many states, the court may also decide whether the defendant will be released pending trial.

• Arraignment
• Indictment
• Preliminary Trial
• Grand Jury Trial

What information could be used to individualize a car? (That is, to say it was exactly one specific car)

Which discipline does not fall under the umbrella of forensic science:

• Anthropology
• Pathology
• Cryptology
• Entomology

Using information to detect patterns, conduct testing and interpret data means that a person has good...

• hair
• opinions
• analytical skills
• brain power

True or False: physical evidence may not give a direct sequence of events for crime scene reconstruction, but is crucial for providing details regarding the crime.

• True
• False

Calculate the probability (%) of a suspect having all 3 factors in their genetic profile:vWA 14,19: 6.2%D21S11 30,30: 3.9%D13S317 12,12: 8.5%

• 0.021

A suspect is accused of robbing a convenience store. Which of the following evidence would be circumstantial?

Calculate the probability (%) of a suspect having all 3 factors in their genetic profile:FGA 24,24: 3.6%TH01 6,8: 8.1%D16S539 11,12: 8.9%

• 0.026

True or False: a database applicable to DNA profiling is CODIS.

• True
• False