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The study of the Earth's structure, properties, processes, and four and a half billion years of biotic evolution for the maintenance of life on the planet.
Hadean eon is the earliest in the geologic time scale.
Saltwater is abundant in the surface of the planet and is not directly useful for potable purposes.
Precambrian contains large piece of the earth's geological history.
The most abundant element in magma is oxygen.
The process of rapid expansion -about a billionth of a trillionth of a second, creating what we now call space.
The earth's water is how many percents of the earth's surface?
What is the study of minerals called?
Formal geologic time begins at the start of the Phanerozoic Eon (4.0 billion to 2.5 billion years ago) and continues to the present day.
"Atmos" came from the Greek word which means _____________.
In the theory of Continental Drift, Earth’s continents were once part of an enormous, single landmass called ___________________.
Paleontology is the study of fossils.
"Bio" is a Greek word which means _________________.
Metamorphic rocks are those that have been transformed by pressure and heat but that has not actually melted.
The following are definitions of a mineral, except ______________.
It is based on the concept that the lowest layer is the oldest and the topmost layer is the youngest.
It is the best-supported theory on the origin of the universe.
It determines the age of a rock/object using radiometric techniques.
How old is the solar system?
The following scientists are believers of the Big Bang Theory, except ____________.
Most of the pores in the vadose zone are filled with air, rather than water.
It works best for igneous and metamorphic rocks.
A stress is any change in volume or shape.
The pressure is a measure of the stress, the physical force, being applied to the surface of a material.
All sedimentary rocks contain fossils.
The process of breaking down of rocks by means of water, ice, wind, plants, and animals is called weathering.
Virtually all of the metamorphic rocks that we see on Earth are derived from magmas that formed from partial melting of existing rock, either in the upper mantle or the crust.
A body of flowing water moving towards the sea.
Hydrolysis is the breakdown of rocks by acidic water to produce clay and soluble salts.
The Milky Way Galaxy is how many light-years across?
A continent is composed of relatively light blocks that float high on the mantle, like gigantic, slow-moving icebergs.
Extreme heat and ________________ is needed for metamorphism to occur.
This termed to as the infinitely tiny, hot, and dense point where the universe started.
Domestic waste is a special type of waste.
The most active divergent plate boundaries are between oceanic plates and are often called mountain ranges.
The period when the first primates arise is ______________.
A region with similar plants, animals, terrain, and climate is called _______________.
Amber is the fossilized remains of tree sap millions of years ago.
Eras are subdivided into periods.
It determines the period during which certain object was last subjected to heat. It is based on the concept that heated objects absorb light, and emit electrons.
Relative time allows scientists to tell the story of Earth events but does not provide specific numeric ages, and thus, the rate at which geologic processes operate.
A large, slowly moving, sheet of ice.
A classification of a nonrenewable mineral resource that is identified resource that can be extracted profitably.
The age of the universe is ____________.
The eon where humans are living is _____________.
It works best for sedimentary rocks having layered arrangement of sediments.
A large body of water surrounded by land is called ____________.
When two plates are colliding, the type of boundary is called ____________.
At what era, do humans live?
The period when dinosaurs diversify is ____________.
The discovery of this by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson led to the thought that the universe started as a tiny, hot, and dense state.
The geologic time scale is divided into four segments.
Current within the mantle have broken the crust into blocks called _______________.
Aquifers are areas of permeable rock that hold water.
The term 'cosmos' is derived from the Greek word 'kosmos' which means _________________.
Continental drift, large-scale horizontal movements of continents relative to one another and to the ocean basins during one or more episodes of geologic time.
The hardest mineral is ________________.
Betelgeuse and Rigel are two of the brightest stars of Orion's Belt.
The theory that explains an expanding universe is the ______________ theory.
This type of power plants uses moving water to generate electricity.
Temperature is a major factor in the formation of magma.
When did the first mammal live?
The processes of evaporation and transpiration is also called transpoevaporation.
This theory states that the universe has no beginning and no ending.
The Milky Way Galaxy is about 100,000 light-years wide.
When did the first vascular plants arise?
This type of power taps Earth's internal heat to produce electricity.
A process of preserving the remains or traces of a dead organism.
"Hydro" is a Greek term which means ___________________.
Rich in minerals that leached (moved down) from the A or E horizons and accumulated in Horizon O.
A type of mining where only shallow deposits are removed.
Eras are the second to the largest intervals of geologic time and are hundreds of millions of years in duration.
When two plates move lateral to one another, this boundary is called ____________.
Seafloor spreading and other tectonic activity processes are the results of convection current in the mantle.
This rock forms when either magma or lava cools down and turns from liquid to solid.
The different type of rocks are the following, except ________________.
The Mesozoic era is divided into three periods; Triassic, Jurrasic, and Cretaceous.
A divergent boundary is formed when two plates move away from each other.
Two minerals that have the same composition but different crystal form.
Epoch is the smallest division of the geologic time scale.
It is the oldest in the three periods.
"Geo" came from the Greek word ____________.
The point where the denser plate goes under the less dense plate is called _______________.
There are four types of igneous rock.
This technique solely depends on the traces of radioactive isotopes found in fossils.
This is the stage when clumps of gas collapsed enough to form the very first stars and galaxies.
Erosion is the breakdown of rocks at the Earth's surface.
It took how many years before the universe started to cool down enough for the protons, neutrons, and electrons to bind together to form neutral Hydrogen and Helium?
The following are types of biome, except ________________.
The theory of continental drift is most associated with the scientist ____________.
A mass movement also called Mass Wasting.
The following are terrestrial planet, except ____________________.
Weathering is the breakdown of rocks at the Earth's surface.
Island arcs and oceanic trenches occur when both of the plates are made of oceanic crust
The point where the denser plate goes under the less dense plate is called a rift valley.
Physical weathering is caused by the rainwater reacting with the mineral grains in rocks to form minerals and soluble salts.
Physical structure of living beings depends on the protein content in their bodies.
Erosion is consist of material saturated with water that moves as a fluid mass.
This shows the leftover radiation of the ancient universe.
This level of the atmosphere comprises 80% of the gas on Earth and where weather patterns take place.
The word 'universe' is derived from the Latin word 'Universum' which was used by the Roman statesman named __________________.
Solid or as paste that once deposited in a landfill do not undergo significantly physical-chemical or biological transformations is called inert waste.
Horizon R or bedrock is a mass of rock such as granite, basalt, quartzite, limestone or sandstone that forms the parent material for some soils – if the bedrock is close enough to the surface to weather.
The breakdown of rocks by oxygen and water, often giving iron-rich rocks a rusty color is called oxidation.
Seafloor spreading occurs along mid-ocean ridges—large mountain ranges rising from the ocean floor.
It determines if an object/event is younger or older than another object/event from history
He proposed that the universe began from a single primordial atom.
Parent material can be found in the C horizon.
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