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The study of the Earth's structure, properties, processes, and four and a half billion years of biotic evolution for the maintenance of life on the planet.
The point where the denser plate goes under the less dense plate is called a rift valley.
The geologic time scale is divided into four segments.
A process of preserving the remains or traces of a dead organism.
"Bio" is a Greek word which means _________________.
When did the first mammal live?
Eras are the second to the largest intervals of geologic time and are hundreds of millions of years in duration.
A stress is any change in volume or shape.
This shows the leftover radiation of the ancient universe.
It is the best-supported theory on the origin of the universe.
This is the stage when clumps of gas collapsed enough to form the very first stars and galaxies.
The period when the first primates arise is ______________.
It is based on the concept that the lowest layer is the oldest and the topmost layer is the youngest.
This type of power plants uses moving water to generate electricity.
Temperature is a major factor in the formation of magma.
The hardest mineral is ________________.
Eras are subdivided into periods.
In the theory of Continental Drift, Earth’s continents were once part of an enormous, single landmass called ___________________.
Rich in minerals that leached (moved down) from the A or E horizons and accumulated in Horizon O.
"Hydro" is a Greek term which means ___________________.
Continental drift, large-scale horizontal movements of continents relative to one another and to the ocean basins during one or more episodes of geologic time.
The eon where humans are living is _____________.
The processes of evaporation and transpiration is also called transpoevaporation.
When two plates move lateral to one another, this boundary is called ____________.
Erosion is the breakdown of rocks at the Earth's surface.
This level of the atmosphere comprises 80% of the gas on Earth and where weather patterns take place.
The theory of continental drift is most associated with the scientist ____________.
A mass movement also called Mass Wasting.
The term 'cosmos' is derived from the Greek word 'kosmos' which means _________________.
It works best for igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Hydrolysis is the breakdown of rocks by acidic water to produce clay and soluble salts.
A body of flowing water moving towards the sea.
Paleontology is the study of fossils.
"Geo" came from the Greek word ____________.
The word 'universe' is derived from the Latin word 'Universum' which was used by the Roman statesman named __________________.
A continent is composed of relatively light blocks that float high on the mantle, like gigantic, slow-moving icebergs.
Precambrian contains large piece of the earth's geological history.
Physical structure of living beings depends on the protein content in their bodies.
The process of breaking down of rocks by means of water, ice, wind, plants, and animals is called weathering.
The period when dinosaurs diversify is ____________.
Parent material can be found in the C horizon.
It determines the period during which certain object was last subjected to heat. It is based on the concept that heated objects absorb light, and emit electrons.
Relative time allows scientists to tell the story of Earth events but does not provide specific numeric ages, and thus, the rate at which geologic processes operate.
Seafloor spreading occurs along mid-ocean ridges—large mountain ranges rising from the ocean floor.
It determines the age of a rock/object using radiometric techniques.
How old is the solar system?
He proposed that the universe began from a single primordial atom.
Epoch is the smallest division of the geologic time scale.
The pressure is a measure of the stress, the physical force, being applied to the surface of a material.
A large, slowly moving, sheet of ice.
Saltwater is abundant in the surface of the planet and is not directly useful for potable purposes.
This technique solely depends on the traces of radioactive isotopes found in fossils.
A large body of water surrounded by land is called ____________.
Domestic waste is a special type of waste.
The age of the universe is ____________.
Horizon R or bedrock is a mass of rock such as granite, basalt, quartzite, limestone or sandstone that forms the parent material for some soils – if the bedrock is close enough to the surface to weather.
At what era, do humans live?
This rock forms when either magma or lava cools down and turns from liquid to solid.
The earth's water is how many percents of the earth's surface?
Seafloor spreading and other tectonic activity processes are the results of convection current in the mantle.
The different type of rocks are the following, except ________________.
Extreme heat and ________________ is needed for metamorphism to occur.
Weathering is the breakdown of rocks at the Earth's surface.
Hadean eon is the earliest in the geologic time scale.
When two plates are colliding, the type of boundary is called ____________.
It determines if an object/event is younger or older than another object/event from history
A type of mining where only shallow deposits are removed.
The most active divergent plate boundaries are between oceanic plates and are often called mountain ranges.
Solid or as paste that once deposited in a landfill do not undergo significantly physical-chemical or biological transformations is called inert waste.
The following scientists are believers of the Big Bang Theory, except ____________.
The following are types of biome, except ________________.
A divergent boundary is formed when two plates move away from each other.
Current within the mantle have broken the crust into blocks called _______________.
Betelgeuse and Rigel are two of the brightest stars of Orion's Belt.
Physical weathering is caused by the rainwater reacting with the mineral grains in rocks to form minerals and soluble salts.
The process of rapid expansion -about a billionth of a trillionth of a second, creating what we now call space.
Metamorphic rocks are those that have been transformed by pressure and heat but that has not actually melted.
"Atmos" came from the Greek word which means _____________.
There are four types of igneous rock.
It took how many years before the universe started to cool down enough for the protons, neutrons, and electrons to bind together to form neutral Hydrogen and Helium?
Erosion is consist of material saturated with water that moves as a fluid mass.
The point where the denser plate goes under the less dense plate is called _______________.
A classification of a nonrenewable mineral resource that is identified resource that can be extracted profitably.
A region with similar plants, animals, terrain, and climate is called _______________.
The Mesozoic era is divided into three periods; Triassic, Jurrasic, and Cretaceous.
What is the study of minerals called?
The breakdown of rocks by oxygen and water, often giving iron-rich rocks a rusty color is called oxidation.
It is the oldest in the three periods.
The most abundant element in magma is oxygen.
Formal geologic time begins at the start of the Phanerozoic Eon (4.0 billion to 2.5 billion years ago) and continues to the present day.
Aquifers are areas of permeable rock that hold water.
The discovery of this by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson led to the thought that the universe started as a tiny, hot, and dense state.
This theory states that the universe has no beginning and no ending.
Most of the pores in the vadose zone are filled with air, rather than water.
Two minerals that have the same composition but different crystal form.
The theory that explains an expanding universe is the ______________ theory.
This type of power taps Earth's internal heat to produce electricity.
Virtually all of the metamorphic rocks that we see on Earth are derived from magmas that formed from partial melting of existing rock, either in the upper mantle or the crust.
This termed to as the infinitely tiny, hot, and dense point where the universe started.
The following are definitions of a mineral, except ______________.
Amber is the fossilized remains of tree sap millions of years ago.
Island arcs and oceanic trenches occur when both of the plates are made of oceanic crust
The Milky Way Galaxy is about 100,000 light-years wide.
All sedimentary rocks contain fossils.
When did the first vascular plants arise?
The following are terrestrial planet, except ____________________.
The Milky Way Galaxy is how many light-years across?
It works best for sedimentary rocks having layered arrangement of sediments.
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