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The process of protecting an organization's data and assets against potential threats of the primary goals of these processes is to protect data availability.
These actions typically consist of collecting information, modifying data integrity, or attacking the availability of services and devices, but the victim system can also be used as a starting point for infecting other systems or for expanding access to the local network.
Actions taken that protect and defend information and information systems by ensuring their availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality and non-repudiation
Security architecture addresses non-normative flows through systems and among applications.
After the weapon is delivered to the victim, follows the targeting of an application or vulnerability of the operating system. The infected file can be used by the self-execution facility to launch the malware code, or it can be executed by the user himself;
Assurance that the sender is provided with proof of a data delivery and recipient is provided with proof of the sender’s identity, so that neither can later deny having processed the data.
The definition and enforcement of permitted capabilities for a person or entity whose identity has been established.
Not performing an activity that would incur risk.
Negotiations are much more accessible over networks, causing the adoption of security measures during the development phase to be an imperative phase of the project.
Is it true or false. Storage the minimum required data online and maximum discretion in providing them to a third party (users, companies) is some basic steps in storing personal data.
It should be: accurate, timely, complete, verifiable, consistent, available.
Development of the business scenarios and subsequent high-level use-cases of the project concerned will bring to attention the people actors and system actors involved. What phase is that?
Four Security Domains
Are applicable to ensuring that security requirements are addressed in subsequent phases of the ADM
Assess and baseline current security-specific architecture elements. What phase is that?
The organization's attitude and tolerance for risk.
Is the process of maintaining an acceptable level of perceived risk
Acceptance, avoidance, mitigation, transfer—are with respect to a specific risk for a specific pary.
Timely, reliable access to data and information services for authorized users;
The following security specifics appropriate to the security architecture must be addressed within each phase in addition to the generic phase activities. What phase is that?
Is data endowed with relevance and purpose.
True or False: Codified data/information asset ownership and custody
IA takes steps to maintain integrity, such as having anti-virus software in place so that data will not be altered or destroyed, and having policies in place.
Processed data
Information and data manipulation abilities in cyberspace;
True or False: Risk analysis documentation
Taking actions to reduce the losses due to a risk; many technical countermeasures fall into this category.
Three Features of Security
These are constantly creating and implementing new security tools to help enterprise users better secure their data.
Changes in security standards are usually less disruptive since the trade-off for their adoption is based on the value of the change. However, standards changes can also be mandated. What phase is that?
True or False: Identify communities involved (enterprises) - those stakeholders who will be affected by security capabilities and who are in groups of communities
The protection of information assets from loss or unintended disclosure, and resources from unauthorized and unintended use.
Physical attack and destruction, including: electromagnetic attack, visual spying, intrusion, scavenging and removal, wiretapping, interference, and eavesdropping.
In a phased implementation the new security components are usually part of the infrastructure in which the new system is implemented. The security infrastructure needs to be in a first or early phase to properly support the project. What phase is that?
The ability to test and prove that the enterprise architecture has the security attributes required to uphold the stated security policies.
To affect the technical performance and the capability of physical systems, to disrupt the capabilities of the defender.
Involves the implementation of standard operational security procedures that define the nature and frequency of the interaction between users, systems, and system resources, the purpose of which is to.
Cyber security, also referred to as information technology security, focuses on protecting computers, networks, programs and data from unintended or unauthorized access, change or destruction.
Are applicable to ensuring that security requirements are addressed in subsequent phases of the ADM. What phase is that?
Identify existing security services available for re-use. What phase is that?
Transmitting the weapon to the target environment.
True or False: Business rules regarding handling of data/information assets
Assurance that information is shared only among authorized persons or organizations.
Security architecture has its own discrete security methodology.
Concept of Cybercrime
Those who will see change to their capability and work with core units but are otherwise not directly affected
Security architecture introduces its own normative flows through systems and among applications.
Is it true or false. Encrypting all personal information when saved on different storage media is some basic steps in storing personal data.
Security architecture introduces unique, single-purpose components in the design.
IA is a special subject under Information Technology program.
Availability: Availability of information refers to ensuring that authorized parties are able to access the information when needed
Many security vulnerabilities originate as design or code errors and the simplest and least expensive method to locate and find such errors is generally an early review by experienced peers in the craft. What phase is that?
Seven Stages of lifecycle model
True or False: Written and published security policy
Those stakeholders who will be affected by security capabilities and who are in groups of communities
After the first six phases, an attacker can act to achieve the goals. These actions typically consist of collecting information, modifying data integrity, or attacking the availability of services and devices, but the victim system can also be used as a starting point for infecting other systems or for expanding access to the local network.
This ensures that internal networks are secure by protecting the infrastructure and inhibiting access to it.
Is a process, not an end state
Security architecture composes its own discrete views and viewpoints.
Cyberspace is "the environment in which communication over computer networks occurs.“
Risk Management Procedure consists of six steps.
True or False: Identify core enterprise (units) - those who are most affected and achieve most value from the security work
Those units outside the scoped enterprise who will need to enhance their security architecture for interoperability purposes
Type of Concept for Cybercrime
True or False: Identify the security governance involved, including legal frameworks and geographies (enterprises)
Accepted facts, principles, or rules of thumb that are useful for specific domains.
Protection against unauthorized modification or destruction of information
Once this bidirectional communication has been made, an attacker has access inside the target environment and can usually control the activity by manually launching commands;
Establish architecture artifact, design, and code reviews and define acceptance criteria for the successful implementation of the findings. What phase is that?
The ability to add and change security policies, add or change how policies are implemented in the enterprise, and add or change the persons or entities related to the systems.
Security architecture calls for its own unique set of skills and competencies of the enterprise and IT architects.
Integrity is the most important character trait of Information Assurance.
What are the steps in intrusion model?
Every system will rely upon resources that may be depleted in cases that may or may not be anticipated at the point of system design. What phase is that?
Assurance that the information is authentic and complete.
Research, target identification and selection: it may be looking for e-mail addresses, social relationships, or data about a particular technology, information displayed on various websites;
The substantiation of the identity of a person or entity related to the enterprise or system in some way.
Is it true or false. The use of complex, unique, hard to guess or break passwords, consisting of numbers, upper/lower case letters and special characters is some basic steps in storing personal data.
Is it true or false. Using encrypted versions of protocols when sensitive information is exchanged so as to ensure data confidentiality and prevent identity theft is some basic steps in storing personal data.
This is an assurance that the systems responsible for delivering, storing, and processing information are accessible when needed, by those who need them.
Three distinct levels:
Are the security features of a system that provide enforcement of a security policy.
Determine who are the legitimate actors who will interact with the product/service/process. What phase is that?
Acronym for TCB?
Consists of employees, former employees and contractors.
True or False: Identify extended enterprise (units) - those units outside the scoped enterprise who will need to enhance their security architecture for interoperability purposes
Is a collection of all the trust mechanisms of a computer system which collectively enforce the policy.
Assess the impact of new security measures upon other new components or existing leveraged systems. What phase is that?
In information security, data integrity means maintaining and assuring the accuracy and consistency of data over its entire life-cycle.
Identify existing security services available for re-use
Logical security consists in software that are necessary to control the access to information and services of a system. The logical level is divided into two categories: access security level and service security level.
A full inventory of architecture elements that implement security services must be compiled in preparation for a gap analysis. What phase is that?
Raw facts with an unknown coding system
Six Concept of CyberCrime
Those who are most affected and achieve most value from the security work
Is it true or false. An additional risk occurs when personal information is stored in client accounts on commercial websites, which may become the target of cyber-attacks anytime, so stored data becomes vulnerable is some basic steps in storing personal data.
Is a measure of confidence that the security features, practices, procedures, and architecture of a system accurately mediates and enforces the security policy.
Is the study of how to protect your information assets from destruction, degradation, manipulation and exploitation.
Information security technical measures such as: encryption and key management, intrusion detection, anti-virus software, auditing, redundancy, firewalls, policies and standards.
Converting data into information thus requires knowledge
Shift the risk to someone else.
The main ways of transport are e-mails (attachment of infected files), web platforms (running malware scripts), or removable USB memories;
Assess and baseline current security-specific technologies. What phase is that?
Is the inherent technical features and functions that collectively contribute to an IT infrastructure achieving and sustaining confidentiality, integrity, availability, accountability, authenticity, and reliability.”
The ability of the enterprise to function without service interruption or depletion despite abnormal or malicious events.
Definition of relevant stakeholders and discovery of their concerns and objectives will require development of a high-level scenario. What phase is that?
True or False: Data classification policy documentation
From the Baseline Security Architecture and the Enterprise Continuum, there will be existing security infrastructure and security building blocks that can be applied to the requirements derived from this architecture development engagement. What phase is that?
Usually an infected host must be accessible outside of the local network to establish a command and control channel between the victim and the attacker. Once this bidirectional communication has been made, an attacker has access inside the target environment and can usually control the activity by manually launching commands;
Changes in security requirements are often more disruptive than a simplification or incremental change. Changes in security policy can be driven by statute, regulation, or something that has gone wrong. What phase is that?
Is a variety of ongoing measures taken to reduce the likelihood and severity of accidental and intentional alteration, destruction, misappropriation, misuse, misconfiguration, unauthorized distribution, and unavailability of an organization’s logical and physical assets, as the result of action or inaction by insiders and known outsiders, such as business partners.”
Data and data processing activities in physical space;
Availability:Assurance that the systems responsible for delivering, storing and processing information are accessible when needed, by those who need them.
True or False: Identify soft enterprise (units) - those who will see change to their capability and work with core units but are otherwise not directly affected
Raw facts with a known coding system
Physical security consist in the closure of IT equipment in a dedicated space and the provision of access control.
Is the process by which an asset is managed from its arrival or creation to its termination or destruction.
Revisit assumptions regarding interconnecting systems beyond project control, Identify and evaluate applicable recognized guidelines and standards and Identify methods to regulate consumption of resources. What phase is that?
Making a malware application (for example, a computer trojan) that, combined with an exploitable security breach, allows remote access. Moreover, PDF (Portable Document Format) files or Microsoft Office suite-specific files can be regarded as weapons available to the attacker;
As the volume and sophistication of cyber attacks grow, companies and organizations need to take steps to protect their sensitive business and personnel information.
Four Security Domain
Infecting a victim system with a computer trojan, backdoor or other malware application of this type that ensures the attacker’s presence in the target environment;
Refers to the protection of hardware, software, and data against physical threats to reduce or prevent disruptions to operations and services and loss of assets.”
Security measures to establish the validity of a transmission, message, or originator.
Information Assurance (IA) is the study of how to protect your information assets from destruction, degradation, manipulation and exploitation.
Assurance that information is not disclosed to unauthorized persons
Is roughly equivalent to privacy
The infected file can be used by the self-execution facility to launch the malware code, or it can be executed by the user himself;
ailure of the mechanism may destroy the basis for trust.
Risks not avoided or transferred are retained by the organization.
The ability to provide forensic data attesting that the systems have been used in accordance with stated security policies.
Cybersecurity is the collection of tools, policies, security concepts, security safeguards, guidelines, risk management approaches, actions, training, best practices, assurance and technologies that can be used to protect the cyber environment and organization and user’s assets.
Is a generic term that implies a mechanism in place to provide a basis for confidence in the reliability/security of the system.
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